Joint loading in the lower extremities during elliptical exercise
Joint loading in the lower extremities during elliptical exercise
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3180dc9970
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen, Hao-Ling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu, Tung-Wu;Chien, Hui-Lien;Chen, Hao-Ling
目的：通过三维动力学分析，确定椭圆运动时关节的负荷，并与水平步行时的结果进行比较。研究方法：15名男性成年人进行水平行走和EE，而三维运动学数据，右踏板反作用力（PRF）和地面反作用力（GRF）进行了测量。根据每个受试者在水平行走期间测量的踏板速度（节奏）和步长，在无工作负荷的EE期间设置。得到了人体质心的运动、下肢关节的角度和力矩。结果：踏板速度和步长分别为52.20 rpm（SD = 2.34）和50.56 cm（SD = 2.14）。在站立早期，垂直PRF小于GRF，内侧和后剪切分量较大。脉冲重复频率也发生在摆动过程中。EE时足跟着地前后的负荷率均小于步行时。EE时，髋、膝、踝关节屈曲角度峰值较大。峰值髋屈肌和膝伸肌力矩也更大，而峰值踝跖屈肌力矩和所有外展肌力矩则更小。结论：EE和水平行走的下肢运动学和动力学存在差异。EE期间较小的垂直PRF和加载速率是以较大的髋屈肌和膝伸肌力矩为代价实现的。使用椭圆机进行运动和康复训练必须考虑用户的关节功能和肌肉力量，特别是膝盖，以避免受伤。
Purpose: To determine the joint loading during elliptical exercise (EE) by a detailed three-dimensional dynamic analysis, and to compare the results with those during level walking. Methods: Fifteen male adults performed level walking and EE while 3D kinematic data, right pedal reaction forces (PRF), and ground reaction forces (GRF) were measured. Pedal rate (cadence) and step length during EE without workload were set according to those measured during level walking for each subject. The motion of the body's center of mass, lower-limb-joint angles and moments were obtained. Results: Pedal rates and step lengths were 52.20 rpm (SD = 2.34) and 50.56 cm (SD = 2.14), respectively. During early stance the vertical PRF was smaller than the GRF, and the medial and posterior shear components were greater. PRF also occurred during swing. Loading rates around heelstrike during EE were all smaller than those during walking. During EE, the peak flexion angles of the hip, knee and ankle were greater. Peak hip flexor and knee extensor moments were also greater, whereas peak ankle plantarflexor moments and all abductor moments were smaller. Conclusions: Different lower-limb kinematics and kinetics were found between EE and level walking. Smaller vertical PRF and loading rates during EE were achieved at the expense of greater hip flexor and knee extensor moments. Use of the elliptical trainer for athletic and rehabilitative training would have to consider users' joint function and muscle strength, especially at the knee, to avoid injuries.