Ripening and Genotype Control Stilbene Accumulation in Healthy Grapes
Ripening and Genotype Control Stilbene Accumulation in Healthy Grapes
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DOI：
10.1021/jf8017707
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发表时间：
2008-12-24
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Velasco, Riccardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gatto, Pamela;Vrhovsek, Urska;Velasco, Riccardo
在葡萄中，二苯乙烯合成发生在皮肤中，并且它是由生物和非生物胁迫诱导的。迄今为止，实验证据的白藜芦醇的健康葡萄的组成生产是稀缺的，而不是决定性的。本研究旨在从生物化学和分子水平研究健康葡萄中二苯乙烯的生物合成。通过对78个葡萄属葡萄品种成熟浆果中白藜芦醇含量的连续3年测定，发现不同基因型间白藜芦醇含量存在显著差异，首次提出了基于白藜芦醇含量的品种分类。此外，还观察到从变熟期到成熟期芪积累增加。使用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应和浆果特异性cDNA阵列，基因表达分析进行了两个不同的池属于高和低白藜芦醇生产商和三个浆果发育阶段的浆果。芪合酶，苯丙氨酸解氨酶，和4-香豆酸-CoA连接酶的表达谱显示，这些成绩单从veraison到成熟的浓度增加，并在高白藜芦醇生产商的葡萄更高的积累。宏阵列数据分析显示，高水平的白藜芦醇也伴随着参与植物防御的基因的上调和伴随的成熟过程和吲哚生物碱合成相关基因的表达不足。
In grapes, stilbene synthesis occurs in the skin, and it is induced by biotic and abiotic stresses. To date, experimental evidence of a constitutive production of resveratrols in healthy grape is scarce and not conclusive. The aim of the present work was to investigate stilbene biosynthesis in healthy grapes both at biochemical and molecular levels. By measuring the concentration of resveratrols in ripe berries of 78 Vitis vinifera varieties for 3 years, we could identify significant differences among genotypes, providing the first tentative varietal classification based on resveratrol content. Furthermore, an increasing stilbene accumulation from veraison to ripening phase was also observed. Using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and a berry-specific cDNA array, gene expression analysis was carried out on two distinct pools of berries belonging to the high and low resveratrol producers and on three berry developmental stages. The stilbene synthase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase expression profiles showed an increasing concentration of these transcripts from veraison to maturity and a higher accumulation in the grape of high resveratrol producers. Macroarray data analysis revealed that high resveratrol levels are also accompanied by the up-regulation of genes involved in plant defense and the concomitant underexpression of genes related to the ripening process and to indole alkaloid synthesis.