The interaction of competition for light and for nutrients.
The interaction of competition for light and for nutrients.
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DOI：
10.1071/ar9580421
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发表时间：
1958-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Donald, C. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donald, C. M.
描述了一种新的盆栽技术，用于研究光竞争与营养竞争或水竞争之间的相互作用。并将其应用于多年生黑麦草与结缕草竞争的研究。在竞争光照和养分的条件下，L.多年生植物与纯培养植物基本相当，而晚香玉则大大降低。2个种的最终产量。在纯培养中的生长情况相似，但L. Perenne更大。每盆的最终总产量下降的竞争养分，并在没有竞争养分的情况下，但不是在其存在的竞争光。在低氮水平下，单独竞争光照条件下，L.多年生植物的产量与纯培养时一样高，晚香玉的产量下降了20%。在高氮水平下，L.多年生植物产量略有下降，晚香玉产量下降31%。在单独的营养竞争下，晚香玉的产量平均减少74%，L。Perenne产率为13%。两个因素共同作用的竞争效应不同于两个因素单独作用的加性效应。L.当两种竞争手段同时存在时，多年生植物是一个更成功的竞争者，对光照的竞争降低了晚香玉的分蘖重量，而对养分的竞争降低了分蘖数量和重量。分蘖数（L）当其中一个因素单独起作用时，perenne会感到抑郁，但当两个因素都起作用时，情况就不一样了。分析了一个或多个因素的竞争性质以及它们之间的相互作用。应用一种研究光竞争与营养竞争或水分竞争之间相互作用的新技术，研究了两种禾本科植物对光和氮的竞争。侵略者的物种表现出负面的相互作用的竞争模式的效果，其产量略有下降，单独的任何一个因素的竞争，几乎不受影响时，两个因素的竞争是有效的。两种竞争方式对被抑制种的影响表现为正交互作用，两种竞争方式对产量的抑制作用大大超过单独竞争方式对产量的抑制作用之和。竞争一个因素，即使涉及直接和间接的影响之间的相互作用;竞争两个因素导致多个相互作用之间的两组效果，从而大大加强了竞争的影响，任何一个因素单独运作。- 作者简介（修改）
A new pot technique is described for the study of the interaction between competition for light and competition for a nutrient or for water. This was applied in a study of competition between Lolium perenne and Phalaris tuberosa. Under conditions of competition for both light and nutrients, the yield of L. perenne was about equal to that in pure culture, while that of Ph. tuberosa was greatly depressed. The final yields of the 2 spp. in pure culture were similar, but the early growth of L. perenne was greater. The final aggregate yield per pot was decreased by competition for nutrients, and by competition for light in the absence of competition for nutrients, but not in its presence. Under conditions of competition for light, alone, at a low N level, L. perenne yields were as great as those in pure culture; Ph. tuberosa yields were decreased by 20%. At a high N level, L. perenne yields were slightly reduced and those of Ph. tuberosa reduced by 31%. Under competition for nutrients alone the mean reduction of Ph. tuberosa yields was 74% and that of L. perenne yields 13%. The effects of competition for both factors operating together differed from the additive effect of the 2 acting separately. L. perenne was a more successful competitor when both means of competition were available to it. Competition for light reduced tiller weight in Ph. tuberosa, while competition for nutrients reduced both tiller number and weight. Tiller number in L. perenne was depressed when either factor was operating alone, but not when both were operating. An analysis is made of the nature of competition for one or more factors and the interaction between them.-A.M.H.A new technique for the study of the interaction between competition for light and competition for a nutrient or for water was applied in a study of the competition between 2 grasses for light and for nitrogen. The aggressor species showed a negative interaction in the effect of the modes of competition, its yield was slightly reduced by competition for either factor alone and was virtually unaffected when competition for both factors was operative. The effect of the 2 modes of competition on the suppressed species showed a positive interaction, the depression in yield when there was competition for both factors greatly exceeded the sum of the effects of competition for the separate factors. Competition for even a single factor involves interaction between direct and indirect effects; competition for 2 factors leads to multiple interactions between 2 groups of effects and thus greatly intensifies the effects of competition for either factor operating alone. - Author's Summary (modified).