Understanding and promoting resilience in children and youth
Understanding and promoting resilience in children and youth
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DOI：
10.1097/yco.0b013e32834776a8
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Masten, Ann S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sapienza, Julianna K.;Masten, Ann S.
回顾目的在全球对压力和极端逆境后果的担忧背景下，研究人类复原力的理论和方法的进步迎来了综合性生物心理社会研究的新时代。这篇综述强调了最近的理论，研究结果和影响的弹性研究对young people.Recent findingsResilience的研究已经转向动态系统模型与多层次的互动，包括研究的神经生物学的压力和适应，表观遗传过程，和灾难。越来越多的证据表明，个体对消极和积极经历（包括干预措施）的生物敏感性存在差异。早期的经验表明，方案拟订对关键的适应系统产生了持久的影响，这突出说明了早期干预的重要性。发展级联的研究表明，随着时间的推移，能力和症状的传播效果，具有重要意义的时间和干预措施的目标。灾害研究为在发生大规模创伤时保护儿童的规划提出了指导方针。SummaryResearch正在整合对整个系统各级复原力的研究，并对促进面临极端逆境的年轻人积极适应产生影响。然而，对神经生物学和表观遗传过程的研究才刚刚开始，需要对干预措施的有效性以及战略时机和目标进行更多的研究。
Purpose of reviewIn a context of global concern about the consequences of stress and extreme adversities, advances in theory and methods for studying human resilience have ushered in a new era of integrative, biopsychosocial research. This review highlights recent theory, findings, and implications of resilience research on young people.Recent findingsResilience research has shifted toward dynamic system models with multiple levels of interaction, including research on the neurobiology of stress and adaption, epigenetic processes, and disasters. Growing evidence indicates individual differences in biological sensitivity to negative and positive experiences, including interventions. Early experiences show enduring programming effects on key adaptive systems, underscoring the importance of early intervention. Studies of developmental cascades demonstrate spreading effects of competence and symptoms over time, with important implications for the timing and targeting of interventions. Disaster research suggests guidelines for planning to protect children in the event of large-scale trauma.SummaryResearch is integrating the study of resilience across system levels, with implications for promoting positive adaptation of young people faced with extreme adversity. However, studies on neurobiological and epigenetic processes are just beginning, and more research is needed on efficacy, as well as strategic timing and targeting, of interventions.