Right anterior cerebellum BOLD responses reflect age related changes in Simon task sequential effects
Right anterior cerebellum BOLD responses reflect age related changes in Simon task sequential effects
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.012
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发表时间：
2018-01-31
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
d'Avossa, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aisenberg, D.;Sapir, A.;d'Avossa, G.
当目标出现在与指示反应相反的一侧时，参与者报告特征（如颜色）的速度比目标出现在同一侧时慢。这一发现表明，目标位置，即使任务无关，干扰响应选择。这种影响在老年人中被放大。然而，延长试验间间隔足以通过重新建立类似于神经元的顺序效应来使老年人中的一致性效应正常化（Aisenberg等人，2014年）。我们通过比较年轻和老年参与者执行视觉版本的西蒙任务的BOLD信号，研究了与年龄相关变化的神经学相关性。受试者通过左或右手按键报告外围目标的颜色。一般来说，BOLD反应更大的不一致比一致的目标。此外，他们被延迟，幅度较小的老年人比年轻的参与者。BOLD在视觉和运动区域的反应也受到了前一个目标的一致性，这表明顺序效应可能反映了刺激位置的重新映射到用于作出反应的手。至关重要的是，年轻的参与者表现出较大的BOLD反应，右前小脑不一致的目标，当以前的目标是一致的，但较小的BOLD反应，不一致的目标时，以前的目标是不一致的。老年参与者，然而，表现出更大的BOLD反应一致性比不一致的目标，无论以前的目标一致性。我们的结论是，老化可能会干扰审判更新的任务无关的目标位置和响应之间的映射，这发生在审判间隔在小脑和基础的顺序效应在西蒙任务。
Participants are slower to report a feature, such as color, when the target appears on the side opposite the instructed response, than when the target appears on the same side. This finding suggests that target location, even when task-irrelevant, interferes with response selection. This effect is magnified in older adults. Lengthening the inter-trial interval, however, suffices to normalize the congruency effect in older adults, by reestablishing young-like sequential effects (Aisenberg et al., 2014). We examined the neurological correlates of age related changes by comparing BOLD signals in young and old participants performing a visual version of the Simon task. Participants reported the color of a peripheral target, by a left or right-hand keypress. Generally, BOLD responses were greater following incongruent than congruent targets. Also, they were delayed and of smaller amplitude in old than young participants. BOLD responses in visual and motor regions were also affected by the congruency of the previous target, suggesting that sequential effects may reflect remapping of stimulus location onto the hand used to make a response. Crucially, young participants showed larger BOLD responses in right anterior cerebellum to incongruent targets, when the previous target was congruent, but smaller BOLD responses to incongruent targets when the previous target was incongruent. Old participants, however, showed larger BOLD responses to congruent than incongruent targets, irrespective of the previous target congruency. We conclude that aging may interfere with the trial by trial updating of the mapping between the task-irrelevant target location and response, which takes place during the inter-trial interval in the cerebellum and underlays sequential effects in a Simon task.