Inland-directed base surge generated by the explosive interaction of pyroclastic flows and seawater at Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat
Inland-directed base surge generated by the explosive interaction of pyroclastic flows and seawater at Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat
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DOI：
10.1130/g21166.1
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Herd, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edmonds, M;Herd, RA
1995-2004年蒙特塞拉特苏弗里埃山火山爆发期间，2003年7月12日至13日发生了规模最大、强度最大的熔岩穹丘坍塌。圆顶坍塌涉及约200 x 10（6）m（3）的物质，并与该火山以前未知的现象有关。在圆顶坍塌的高峰期，大火山碎屑流与塔尔河流域口的海水发生爆炸性相互作用，产生了一个炎热干燥的基地浪涌，流向内陆4公里，向上300米。涌浪对地面以上至少25米的地方具有破坏性，并使植被受损。由此产生的两层沉积物厚达0.9米。虽然整个崩溃持续了18小时，基地浪涌大大增加了圆顶崩溃在几分钟内的事件的高峰期，说明火山碎屑流和海水之间的相互作用的复杂性影响的土地面积。
The largest and most intense lava-dome collapse during the eruption of Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, 1995-2004, occurred 12-13 July 2003. The dome collapse involved around 200 x 10(6) m(3) of material and was associated with a phenomenon previously unknown at this volcano. Large pyroclastic flows at the peak of the dome collapse interacted explosively with seawater at the mouth of the Tar River Valley and generated a hot, dry base surge that flowed 4 km inland and 300 m uphill. The surge was destructive to at least 25 m above the ground and it carbonized vegetation. The resulting two-layer deposits were as much as 0.9 m thick. Although the entire collapse lasted 18 h, the base surge greatly increased the land area affected by the dome collapse in a few minutes at the peak of the event, illustrating the complex nature of the interaction between pyroclastic flows and seawater.