Tree Transpiration and Urban Temperatures: Current Understanding, Implications, and Future Research Directions
Tree Transpiration and Urban Temperatures: Current Understanding, Implications, and Future Research Directions
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DOI：
10.1093/biosci/biaa055
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Joy B. Winbourne;T. Jones;Sarah M. Garvey;J. L. Harrison;Liang Wang;Dan Li;P. Templer;L. Hutyra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joy B. Winbourne;T. Jones;Sarah M. Garvey;J. L. Harrison;Liang Wang;Dan Li;P. Templer;L. Hutyra
城市树冠的扩张是一种常见的基于自然的解决方案，以对抗城市过热。树木通过遮荫对城市气候的影响是由树木的形态特征驱动的，而树木蒸腾主要是一个依赖于环境条件和建筑环境的生理过程。城市景观的异质性，独特的树种组合和土地管理决策使得很难预测蒸腾降温的幅度和方向。在这篇文章中，我们综合了新兴的文献对城市树木蒸腾的机械控制。我们提出了一个案例研究，说明蒸腾（使用液流数据）和城市温度之间的关系。我们研究了城市冠层，建筑环境和气候之间的潜在反馈，重点是极端高温事件。最后，我们提出了模拟数据，证明蒸腾作用对温度的影响，在热浪期间的冠层范围和灌溉的变化。
The expansion of an urban tree canopy is a commonly proposed nature-based solution to combat excess urban heat. The influence trees have on urban climates via shading is driven by the morphological characteristics of trees, whereas tree transpiration is predominantly a physiological process dependent on environmental conditions and the built environment. The heterogeneous nature of urban landscapes, unique tree species assemblages, and land management decisions make it difficult to predict the magnitude and direction of cooling by transpiration. In the present article, we synthesize the emerging literature on the mechanistic controls on urban tree transpiration. We present a case study that illustrates the relationship between transpiration (using sap flow data) and urban temperatures. We examine the potential feedbacks among urban canopy, the built environment, and climate with a focus on extreme heat events. Finally, we present modeled data demonstrating the influence of transpiration on temperatures with shifts in canopy extent and irrigation during a heat wave.