Staphylococcus aureus toxins - Their functions and genetics
Staphylococcus aureus toxins - Their functions and genetics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.meegid.2013.03.013
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Broeker, Barbara M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grumann, Dorothee;Nuebel, Ulrich;Broeker, Barbara M.
葡萄球菌（S.）金黄色葡萄球菌及其人类宿主的范围从危及生命的感染到过敏反应再到无菌定殖。这种细菌物种的泛基因组编码许多毒素，已知或强烈怀疑引起特定疾病或症状。三个毒素家族是本次审查的重点，即（i）孔形成毒素，（ii）脱落毒素和（iii）超抗原。大多数毒素编码基因位于移动的遗传元件上，导致沙门氏菌毒素基因的个体禀赋具有明显的异质性。金黄色葡萄球菌最近的人口基因组分析提供了一个框架，为更好地了解MGE及其相关毒素基因的运动的时间和空间尺度。毒素基因在S.金黄色葡萄球菌不是随机的，并且克隆复合物内的系统发育（亚）谱系具有特征性毒素标记。在研究发病机制时，这种由S.金黄色葡萄球菌使得难以区分特定毒素的作用与遗传背景和/或其它相关遗传因子的贡献。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The outcome of encounters between Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and its human host ranges from life-threatening infection through allergic reactions to symptom-free colonization. The pan-genome of this bacterial species encodes numerous toxins, known or strongly suspected to cause specific diseases or symptoms. Three toxin families are in the focus of this review, namely (i) pore-forming toxins, (ii) exfoliative toxins and (iii) superantigens. The majority of toxin-encoding genes are located on mobile genetic elements (MGEs), resulting in a pronounced heterogeneity in the endowment with toxin genes of individual S. aureus strains. Recent population genomic analysis have provided a framework for an improved understanding of the temporal and spatial scales of the motility of MGEs and their associated toxin genes. The distribution of toxin genes among clonal lineages within the species S. aureus is not random, and phylogenetic (sub-)lineages within clonal complexes feature characteristic toxin signatures. When studying pathogenesis, this lineage association, which is caused by the clonal nature of S. aureus makes it difficult to discriminate effects of specific toxins from contributions of the genetic background and/or other associated genetic factors. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.