Palaeoenvironmental investigations directly associated with a neolithic axe 'quarry' on Beinn Lawers, near Killin, Perthshire, Scotland.
Palaeoenvironmental investigations directly associated with a neolithic axe 'quarry' on Beinn Lawers, near Killin, Perthshire, Scotland.
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古环境调查与苏格兰佩斯郡基林附近贝因劳尔斯的新石器时代斧头“采石场”直接相关。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03771.x
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Sheridan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Tipping;M. Edmonds;A. Sheridan
在珀斯郡基林上方的Creag na Caillich，一个泥炭柱中含有两层不连续的新石器时代斧头“毛坯”生产产生的残留物，以了解该地点在利用石材资源之前、期间和之后发生的环境变化。对该柱子进行了沉积学分析和高分辨率的孢粉学分析，包括花粉保存和显微木炭计数。获得了5个放射性碳测年数据。该地点外径750米，被认为略低于林线，在淡色桦树林地内，有一些榆树，但接近其上限。泥炭起源于约5950卡尔BP，被认为是气候起源的，没有证据表明人类活动。对灌木林地的轻微人为修改，随着榆树的下降，从大约5250卡尔BP开始记录，靠近较低的斧头退化层。此时的清理似乎不是为了放牧，而是可能是为了火灾。在放牧压力下，山地草丛被改造成“人为”草原的时间较晚，约为4600卡BP，早于第二阶段的3800卡BP的斧头“制造”。
A peat column containing two discrete layers of debitage from the production of neolithic axe 'rough-outs' at Creag na Caillich, above Killin, Perthshire, was sampled to obtain an understanding of the environmental changes taking place at the site prior to, during and immediately after utilization of the stone resource. The column was subject to sedimentological analyses, and to 'high-resolution' palynological analyses, including pollen preservation and microscopic charcoal counts. Five radiocarbon dates were obtained. The site, at 750 m OD, is thought to have been just below the tree-line, within hazel-birch woodland, with some elm, but close to its upper limit. Peat inception at c. 5950 cal BP is thought to have been climatic in origin, in the absence of evidence for anthropogenic activity. Slight anthropogenic modifications to the scrubby woodland, with a decline of elm, are recorded from c. 5250 cal BP, close to the lower axe debitage layer. Clearance at this time appears not to have been for grazing, but was possibly for fires. The modification of the montane grass-heath to an 'anthropogenic' grassland under grazing pressure occurred later, from c. 4600 cal BP, prior to the second period of axe 'manufacture' at c 3800 cal BP.