Judicial intervention in alcohol regulation: an empirical legal analysis
Judicial intervention in alcohol regulation: an empirical legal analysis
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DOI：
10.1111/1753-6405.12666
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Jan, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muhunthan, Janani;Angell, Blake;Jan, Stephen
目标：虽然各国政府起草法律和政策以促进公共卫生，但只有通过向司法机构提交的案件，才能对法律的执行提出质疑，并确定其实际影响。在本文中，我们研究了法院判决在澳大利亚调节有害使用酒精的努力中的作用。方法：使用判例法数据库（WestLaw AU）确定澳大利亚判例法（2010年至2015年6月）涉及与开发申请或零售酒类商店（瓶装店）、酒店、酒吧和俱乐部的酒类许可证有关的行政决定的司法审查。数据提取和分析使用标准的系统评价技术。结果：共纳入44例。其中，90%涉及行业行为者对地方或州政府利益相关者提出的上诉，要求拒绝发展申请和酒牌申请。司法判决结果有利于产业界的比例为77%。结论：公共卫生研究证据似乎很少或没有影响，因为没有要求立法考虑公共卫生利益。对公共卫生的影响：要求在立法中考虑对公共卫生的影响，将有助于抵消其对促进竞争的强烈强调，而这种强调反过来又强烈地影响了这一领域的司法决策。
Objective: While governments draft law and policy to promote public health, it is through cases put before the judiciary that the implementation of law can be challenged and where its practical implications are typically determined. In this paper, we examine the role of court judgements on efforts in Australia to regulate the harmful use of alcohol. Methods: Australian case law (2010 to June 2015) involving the judicial review of administrative decisions relating to development applications or liquor licences for retail liquor outlets (bottle shops), hotels, pubs and clubs was identified using a case law database (WestLaw AU). Data were extracted and analysed using standard systematic review techniques. Results: A total of 44 cases were included in the analysis. Of these, 90% involved appeals brought by industry actors against local or state government stakeholders seeking to reject applications for development applications and liquor licences. The proportion of judicial decisions resulting in outcomes in favour of industry was 77%. Conclusions: Public health research evidence appeared to have little or no influence, as there is no requirement for legislation to consider public health benefit. Implications for public health: A requirement that the impact on public health is considered in legislation will help to offset its strong pro-competition emphasis, which in turn has strongly influenced judicial decision making in this area.