Assessment of olfactory detection thresholds in children with autism spectrum disorders using a pulse ejection system.
Assessment of olfactory detection thresholds in children with autism spectrum disorders using a pulse ejection system.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13229-016-0071-2
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Mimura M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumazaki H;Muramatsu T;Fujisawa TX;Miyao M;Matsuura E;Okada K;Kosaka H;Tomoda A;Mimura M
据报道，对嗅觉刺激的非典型反应是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童社会损害的最强预测因子。然而，以前以实验室为基础的感觉心理物理研究旨在调查ASD儿童的嗅觉敏感性，但结果不一致。这些研究的方法受到几个因素的限制，需要更复杂的方法才能产生一致的结果。我们使用脉冲喷射系统测量了患有自闭症和典型发育(TD)的儿童的嗅觉检测阈值-这是一种新开发的方法，旨在解决以前研究中遇到的问题。作为刺激物的两种气味是乙酸异戊酯和己酸烯丙酯。43名参与者参与了这项研究：23名(6名女性，17名男性)患有ASD的儿童和20名(6名女性，14名男性)TD儿童。ASD儿童嗅觉阈值显著高于TD儿童(2.85 ± 0.28vs1.57 ± 0.15；p <； 0.001)和己酸烯丙酯(3.30 ± 0.23vs1.17 ± 0.08；p <； 0.001)。我们发现ASD儿童的嗅觉检测阈值受损。我们的结果有助于更好地理解ASD儿童所经历的嗅觉异常。考虑到气味在我们日常生活中的作用和影响，对一些气味不敏感可能会对ASD儿童产生巨大影响。未来对ASD的嗅觉处理的研究可能揭示大脑功能、临床相关行为和治疗之间的重要联系。
Atypical responsiveness to olfactory stimuli has been reported as the strongest predictor of social impairment in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous laboratory-based sensory psychophysical studies that have aimed to investigate olfactory sensitivity in children with ASD have produced inconsistent results. The methodology of these studies is limited by several factors, and more sophisticated approaches are required to produce consistent results. We measured olfactory detection thresholds in children with ASD and typical development (TD) using a pulse ejection system—a newly developed methodology designed to resolve problems encountered in previous studies. The two odorants used as stimuli were isoamyl acetate and allyl caproate. Forty-three participants took part in this study: 23 (6 females, 17 males) children with ASD and 20 with TD (6 females, 14 males). Olfactory detection thresholds of children with ASD were significantly higher than those of TD children with both isoamyl acetate (2.85 ± 0.28 vs 1.57 ± 0.15; p < 0.001) and allyl caproate ( 3.30 ± 0.23 vs 1.17 ± 0.08; p < 0.001). We found impaired olfactory detection thresholds in children with ASD. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the olfactory abnormalities that children with ASD experience. Considering the role and effect that odors play in our daily lives, insensitivity to some odorants might have a tremendous impact on children with ASD. Future studies of olfactory processing in ASD may reveal important links between brain function, clinically relevant behavior, and treatment.