Cytochrome P450s in plant steroid hormone synthesis and metabolism
Cytochrome P450s in plant steroid hormone synthesis and metabolism
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DOI：
10.1007/s11101-006-9024-2
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Bishop, Gerard J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nomura, Takahito;Bishop, Gerard J.
细胞色素P450（P450）是植物甾体激素合成和失活所必需的。植物类固醇激素油菜素类固醇（BR）的合成需要CYP 85家族的P450。这包括P450的CYP 85、CYP 90和CYP 724 B家族的成员。这些酶与C-2、C-3、C-6、C-22和C-23位置的羟基化/氧化相关，其功能通过遗传和生物化学方法确定。参与BR代谢的P450属于P450的CYP 72家族中的CYP 72 C和CYP 734 A家族。CYP 734 A家族与BR的C-26羟基化相关。通过反馈调节这些基因的转录调节提供了维持最佳BR水平的机制。这些P450的系统发育分析强调，生物合成和代谢基因已经独立进化。类似的分析表明，P450的CYP 85家族催化的Baeyer-Villiger反应可能在几种双子叶植物物种中独立进化。
Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are essential for both plant steroid hormone biosynthesis and inactivation. Synthesis of plant steroid hormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), requires P450s of the CYP85 clan. This includes members of the CYP85, CYP90 and CYP724B families of P450s. These enzymes are associated with the hydroxylation/oxidation of the C-2, C-3, C-6, C-22 and C-23 positions with their function being determined via genetic and biochemical approaches. P450s involved in BR metabolism belong to the CYP72C and CYP734A families in the CYP72 clan of P450s. The CYP734A family is associated with C-26 hydroxylation of BRs. The transcriptional regulation of these genes via feedback regulation provides a mechanism for the maintenance of optimum BR levels. Phylogenetic analysis of these P450s highlights that the biosynthesis and metabolism genes have evolved independently. Similar analysis suggests that the Baeyer-Villiger reaction catalysed by the CYP85 family of P450s may have evolved independently in several dicotyledonous species.