Glycosylation-Based Serum Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnostics and Prognostics.
Glycosylation-Based Serum Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnostics and Prognostics.
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DOI：
10.1155/2015/490531
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kilcoyne M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kirwan A;Utratna M;O'Dwyer ME;Joshi L;Kilcoyne M
癌症是发达国家第二大常见死因，2012年约有1400万新诊断个体和600多万癌症相关死亡。许多癌症是在更晚期发现的，但更好的生存率与早期发现有关。目前临床上批准的癌症生物标志物在应用于患有广泛癌症的患者时最有效。对于最常见的癌症，尚未发现具有令人满意的灵敏度和特异性的单一生物标志物，并且一些生物标志物对于早期癌症的检测无效。因此，需要具有更好诊断和预后性能的新型生物标志物。异常蛋白质糖基化是众所周知的癌症标志，并且代表了潜在生物标志物的有希望的来源。糖蛋白通过主动分泌或渗漏从组织或血细胞进入循环，并且从临床和诊断的角度来看，患者血清作为生物标志物的来源是有吸引力的选择。已经开发了大量的技术方法来解决糖基化结构检测和确定的挑战。本综述总结了目前利用的糖蛋白生物标志物和新的糖基化为基础的生物标志物，从血清糖蛋白组正在调查癌症诊断和监测，并包括最近的高通量和其他新兴的糖分析技术的细节。
Cancer is the second most common cause of death in developed countries with approximately 14 million newly diagnosed individuals and over 6 million cancer-related deaths in 2012. Many cancers are discovered at a more advanced stage but better survival rates are correlated with earlier detection. Current clinically approved cancer biomarkers are most effective when applied to patients with widespread cancer. Single biomarkers with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity have not been identified for the most common cancers and some biomarkers are ineffective for the detection of early stage cancers. Thus, novel biomarkers with better diagnostic and prognostic performance are required. Aberrant protein glycosylation is well known hallmark of cancer and represents a promising source of potential biomarkers. Glycoproteins enter circulation from tissues or blood cells through active secretion or leakage and patient serum is an attractive option as a source for biomarkers from a clinical and diagnostic perspective. A plethora of technical approaches have been developed to address the challenges of glycosylation structure detection and determination. This review summarises currently utilised glycoprotein biomarkers and novel glycosylation-based biomarkers from the serum glycoproteome under investigation as cancer diagnostics and for monitoring and prognostics and includes details of recent high throughput and other emerging glycoanalytical techniques.