Countywide school-based influenza immunization: Direct and indirect impact on student absenteeism
Countywide school-based influenza immunization: Direct and indirect impact on student absenteeism
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2007-2963
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Magder, Laurence S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Mollie M.;King, James C., Jr.;Magder, Laurence S.
目标。2005年秋季，马里兰州卡罗尔县公立小学的12090名学生中，5319人(44%)接种了减毒流感活疫苗。方法：本研究使用现有的匿名信息：人口普查数据、社区流感检测数据和公立学校的旷课数据。干预组为卡罗尔县，2005-2006年。对照组包括卡罗尔县(2001-2005年)和邻近的弗雷德里克县(2001-2006年)。结果：在流感暴发期间，干预组学生缺勤率的绝对值为0.61%，对照组为1.79%。同样，在流感暴发期间，高中的缺勤率高于基线的变化，干预组为0.32%，对照组为1.80%。虽然在统计学上不显著，但中学的趋势是相似的。结论：全县以学校为基础的流感疫苗接种与流感暴发期间缺勤率的减少有关。数据表明，这不仅对小学有直接影响，而且对高中也有间接影响。以学校为基础的项目为儿童提供了一种有效的流感疫苗接种方法，保护范围可能扩大到未接种疫苗的社区成员。还需要进行更多的研究，以确定在学校为儿童接种疫苗是否能降低与流感暴发相关的发病率和死亡率。
OBJECTIVE. Live attenuated influenza vaccine was given to 5319 (44%) of the 12 090 students enrolled in public elementary schools in Carroll County, Maryland, during the fall of 2005. We examined the impact of this community-based intervention on countywide student absenteeism during the subsequent influenza outbreak.METHODS. This study used existing, anonymous information: census data, community influenza tests, and public school absenteeism data. The intervention group was Carroll County, years 2005-2006. The control group included Carroll County, years 2001-2005, and adjacent Frederick County, years 2001-2006. Weekly student absenteeism was determined during baseline influenza-free periods and influenza outbreak periods for all of the public schools.RESULTS. The absolute change in absenteeism during the influenza outbreak periods over baseline in elementary schools was 0.61% for the intervention group and 1.79% for the control group. Similarly, the change in absenteeism during the influenza outbreak period over baseline for high schools was 0.32% for the intervention group and 1.80% for the control group. Although not statistically significant, trends in middle schools were similar.CONCLUSIONS. Countywide school-based influenza vaccination was associated with reduced absenteeism during an influenza outbreak. The data suggest not only a direct impact on elementary schools but also an indirect impact on high schools. School-based programs provide an efficient method of providing influenza vaccination to children, and protection may extend to unvaccinated community members. Additional research is needed to determine whether school-based vaccination of children reduces morbidity and mortality associated with influenza outbreaks.