Female multiple mating in wild and laboratory populations of the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata
Female multiple mating in wild and laboratory populations of the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03812.x
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mayes, Sean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haddrill, Penelope R.;Shuker, David M.;Mayes, Sean
雌性交配率是了解雌性在交配系统进化中的作用的重要变量。一妻多夫制影响性选择的模式，并对交配中的性冲突以及更广泛的问题（例如基因流动模式和遗传多样性水平）产生影响。尽管如此，对昆虫的研究很少提供对野外一妻多夫的详细估计。在这里，我们结合行为和分子遗传数据来评估两点瓢虫 Adalia bipunctata（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）野生种群中雌性交配频率。我们还探索了在受控实验室环境中精子的使用模式，以检查雌性如何随着时间的推移使用来自多个雄性的精子，从而将交配与受精联系起来。我们证实，在野外，雌性是高度一妻多夫的，无论是在种群交配率（在任何给定时间，在系动词中发现的种群数量接近 20%）还是在单窝繁殖后代的雄性数量（平均三到四只雄性）方面。这些模式在两个研究人群中是一致的。实验室中精子的使用模式表明，配偶的数量不会超过父亲的数量，这表明雌性在交配后对父子关系的影响很小。相反，较长的交配时间会导致雄性的亲子关系较高，这可能是由于多个精囊中转移了更多的精子。我们的结果强调了结合现场和实验室数据来探索野外交配率的重要性。
Female mating rate is an important variable for understanding the role of females in the evolution of mating systems. Polyandry influences patterns of sexual selection and has implications for sexual conflict over mating, as well as for wider issues such as patterns of gene flow and levels of genetic diversity. Despite this, remarkably few studies of insects have provided detailed estimates of polyandry in the wild. Here we combine behavioural and molecular genetic data to assess female mating frequency in wild populations of the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). We also explore patterns of sperm use in a controlled laboratory environment to examine how sperm from multiple males is used over time by females, to link mating with fertilization. We confirm that females are highly polyandrous in the wild, both in terms of population mating rates (similar to 20% of the population found in copula at any given time) and the number of males siring offspring in a single clutch (three to four males, on average). These patterns are consistent across two study populations. Patterns of sperm use in the laboratory show that the number of mates does not exceed the number of fathers, suggesting that females have little postcopulatory influence on paternity. Instead, longer copulations result in higher paternity for males, probably due to the transfer of larger numbers of sperm in multiple spermatophores. Our results emphasize the importance of combining field and laboratory data to explore mating rates in the wild.