Some physiological responses in two tomato varieties associated with levels of soil bulk density.
Some physiological responses in two tomato varieties associated with levels of soil bulk density.
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两个番茄品种的一些生理反应与土壤容重水平相关。
DOI：
10.3733/hilg.v30n03p101
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发表时间：
1960
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. C. Menary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Flocker;R. C. Menary
摘要没有出现。第一页如下。
水和气体通过土壤的运动受到体积增加的限制
密度。根部对土壤的渗透也受到高堆积密度的限制，因为
机械阻力增加的结果。不幸的是，这种现象是不可避免的
也许与不良的土壤湿度和土壤通气密不可分
特点。这些相互作用的净效应是植物总体减少
活力。
由于土壤空气空间随着堆积密度的增加而显着减少，因此
土壤通气不足可能是限制植物生长的一个重要因素。
（Bertrand 和 Kohnke（1957））4 发现下层土的压实显着减缓了土壤气体的扩散，
这减少了玉米植株的生长。根部土壤空气成分不当
区域往往会导致根系生长缓慢（Lawton，1946）、养分不足（Danielson 和 Russell，1957）； （劳顿，1946）； （Loehwing，1934）、吸水（Hagan，1950）以及生殖过程的延迟或失败（Albert 和 Armstrong，1931）。 Loehwing 表明，在沙子和/或壤土培养物中向日葵和大豆充气
与未充气的相比，吸收了更多的钙、磷和钾
控制。每株植物的粗纤维、淀粉、总糖和氮的总重量
也增加了。劳顿报告说，在营养物质中生长的作物吸收的养分
限制通气条件下的溶液减少了以下数量级：
K 替换代码 Ca 替换代码 Mg 替换代码 N 替换代码 P。结果为
当通过降低土壤孔隙度来限制土壤通气时，情况类似。的效果
压实对钙吸收的影响可能会影响番茄花端腐烂的发生率，
因为人们普遍认为缺钙可能是一个促成因素
这种生理疾病的流行（Martin，1954）；南丁格尔等
Abstract does not appear. First page follows.
The movement of water and gases through soil is restricted by increases in the bulk
density. Penetration of soil by roots is also restricted by high bulk densities as
a result of increased mechanical resistance. Unfortunately, this phenomenon is unavoidable
and is perhaps inseparably associated with undesirable soil moisture and soil aeration
characteristics. The net effect of these interactions is a general reduction in plant
vigor.
Since soil air spaces are markedly reduced by increasing bulk density, it is quite
probable that lack of soil aeration may be an important factor in limiting plant growth.
(Bertrand and Kohnke (1957))4 found that compaction of subsoil significantly slowed the diffusion of soil gases,
which reduced the growth of corn plants. Improper composition of soil air in the root
zone tends to induce slow-growing root systems (Lawton, 1946), inadequate nutrient (Danielson and Russell, 1957); (Lawton, 1946); (Loehwing, 1934), and water absorption (Hagan, 1950), and a delay in or failure of reproductive processes (Albert and Armstrong, 1931). Loehwing showed that aerated sunflowers and soybeans in sand and/or loam cultures
absorbed greater amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and potassium than did unaerated
controls. Total weight per plant of crude fiber, starch, total sugars, and nitrogen
also increased. Lawton reported that nutrients absorbed by crops grown in nutrient
solutions under restricted aeration were reduced in the following order of magnitude:
K replacecodegt Ca replacecodegt Mg replacecodegt N replacecodegt P. Results were
similar when soil aeration was restricted by reducing soil porosity. The effect of
compaction on calcium uptake may influence the incidence of blossom-end rot in tomatoes,
for it is generally accepted that calcium deficiency may be a contributing factor
in the prevalence of this physiological disorder (Martin, 1954); Nightingale et