Dental Implants in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Clinical Reality?
Dental Implants in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Clinical Reality?
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DOI：
10.1097/scs.0b013e3182108ec9
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Jardim Junior, Elerson Gaetti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gaetti-Jardim, Ellen Cristina;Santiago-Junior, Joel Ferreira;Jardim Junior, Elerson Gaetti
骨质疏松症是一种全身性疾病，其特征是全身性骨密度降低。牙科种植学是一个具有高度可预测性的专业，同时考虑骨的数量和质量。因此，骨质疏松症患者的诊断和植入治疗非常重要。本文就骨质疏松症与种植牙治疗的相关文献进行综述。在过去20年中查阅了PubMed、科克伦、ISI、牙科口腔科学、SciELO和Bireme数据库。英语和葡萄牙语文章纳入本次修订。一些作者指出，骨化骨与IV型骨的拟定模型相似。随机临床研究报告了绝经后骨质疏松症患者的植入失败。禁止在骨质疏松症患者中使用种植体的研究推断，骨代谢受损导致种植体周围骨愈合减少。然而，其他作者认为，骨质疏松症的存在并不是禁止使用牙科种植体治疗的明确条件。在这些情况下，牙医应该进行适当的治疗计划，修改种植体几何形状，并使用更大的种植体直径和表面处理。因此，骨质疏松症不是种植手术的禁忌症，因为通过断层扫描进行了骨质量的准确分析。
Osteoporosis is a systemic disorder characterized by generalized decrease in bone mineral density. Dental implantology is a specialty with high predictability when both quantity and quality of the bone are respected. Therefore, the diagnosis and the implant treatment in patients with osteoporosis are important. In the current study, a literature review about osteoporosis and dental implant therapy was conducted. PubMed, Cochrane, ISI, Dentistry Oral Science, SciELO, and Bireme databases were consulted over the last 20 years. English- and Portuguese-language articles were included in this revision. Some authors stated that the osteoporotic bone is similar to the proposed model of bone type IV. Randomized clinical studies reported implant failure in patients with osteoporosis after menopause. Studies that contraindicate the use of implants in patients with osteoporosis infer that the impaired bone metabolism led to reduction of bone healing around the implants. Nevertheless, other authors believe that the presence of osteoporosis is not a definitive condition to contraindicate the therapy with dental implants. In these cases, the dentist should perform a proper treatment planning, modifying the implant geometry, and use larger implant diameter and with surface treatment. Thus, osteoporosis is not a contraindication for implant surgery because an accurate analysis of bone quality by means tomography is performed.