Collective versus individual induction with single versus multiple hypotheses
Collective versus individual induction with single versus multiple hypotheses
复制标题
单一假设与多重假设的集体归纳与个体归纳
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Altermatt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Patrick R. Laughlin;Bryan L. Bonner;T. Altermatt
四人合作小组和4个独立的个人解决规则归纳问题，提出1，2，或4个假设，每次试验，同时选择相同数量的证据。对于正确的假设和不合理的假设，群体表现在最佳个体的水平上，并且优于第二最佳、第三最佳和第四最佳个体。将提出的假设数量从1增加到2再增加到4，并没有增加正确的假设，而是增加了不合理的假设。从试验t到t + 1的假设转移概率表明，在每个正假设检验和负假设检验中，群体和最佳个体的上级表现优于实例和非实例;一旦群体和最佳个体提出了正确的假设，他们比其他个体更有可能继续提出它。
Four-person cooperative groups and 4 independent individuals solved rule induction problems by proposing 1, 2, or 4 hypotheses per trial while selecting the same amount of evidence per trial. Groups performed at the level of the best individuals and better than the 2nd-best, 3rd-best, and 4th-best individuals for both correct hypotheses and nonplausible hypotheses. Increasing the number of proposed hypotheses from 1 to 2 to 4 did not increase correct hypotheses but increased nonplausible hypotheses. Transition probabilities from hypotheses on trial t to t + 1 indicated superior performance for the groups and best individuals for each of positive and negative hypothesis tests followed by examples and nonexamples; once the groups and best individuals proposed the correct hypothesis, they were more likely to continue to propose it than the other individuals.