Fracture of the dimorphic fruits of Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae)
Fracture of the dimorphic fruits of Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae)
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DOI：
10.1139/cjb-2019-0014
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Steinbrecher，Tina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arshad，Waheed;Marone，Federica;Steinbrecher，Tina
果实表现出高度多样化的形态，可以说是高等植物中进化出的最高度特化的器官之一。水果在形态、生物力学和质地特性方面各不相同，通常是为了适应它们各自的传播策略。虽然大多数植物物种都具有单形（单一类型）的果实和种子，但在这里我们重点关注阿拉伯丝线虫（Aethionema arabicum(L.) Andrz）。前 DC。 （十字花科）。它在同一株植物上生产两种不同的果实（开裂和不开裂）和种子类型，提供了一个独特的模型系统，用于研究二态性的结构和功能方面。通过对果实断裂生物力学、断裂表面形态和内部果实解剖结构的比较分析，我们揭示了 A. 的二态性果实。阿拉伯树在其断裂行为背后表现出清晰的材料、形态解剖学和适应性特性。开裂的果实中存在沿瓣膜-叶瓣边界的分离层，而不开裂的果实具有许多螺旋增厚的纤维，在正面连接其翼状瓣膜。我们的研究评估了异形植物物种果实开放机制的生物力学。阐明二态性特征有助于我们理解适应性生物力学形态，在时空随机环境中种子和果实传播的背景下，适应性生物力学形态可作为一种对冲策略。
Fruits exhibit highly diversified morphology, and are arguably one of the most highly specialised organs to have evolved in higher plants. Fruits range in morphological, biomechanical, and textural properties, often as adaptations for their respective dispersal strategy. While most plant species possess monomorphic (of a single type) fruit and seeds, here we focus onAethionema arabicum(L.) Andrz. ex DC. (Brassicaceae). Its production of two distinct fruit (dehiscent and indehiscent) and seed types on the same individual plant provides a unique model system with which to study structural and functional aspects of dimorphism. Using comparative analyses of fruit fracture biomechanics, fracture surface morphology, and internal fruit anatomy, we reveal that the dimorphic fruits ofA. arabicumexhibit clear material, morpho-anatomical, and adaptive properties underlying their fracture behaviour. A separation layer along the valve–replum boundary is present in dehiscent fruit, whereas indehiscent fruit have numerous fibres with spiral thickening, linking their winged valves at the adaxial surface. Our study evaluates the biomechanics underlying fruit-opening mechanisms in a heteromorphic plant species. Elucidating dimorphic traits aids our understanding of adaptive biomechanical morphologies that function as a bet-hedging strategy in the context of seed and fruit dispersal within spatially and temporally stochastic environments.