MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AND FUNCTION OF THE PAW PADS OF SOME MAMMALS
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AND FUNCTION OF THE PAW PADS OF SOME MAMMALS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7998.1986.tb03601.x
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发表时间：
1986-07-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
KER, RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ALEXANDER, RM;BENNETT, MB;KER, RF
没有衬垫的爪子在接触地面时会受到很大的冲击力，但带有弹性垫子的爪子可能会被设置为振动，在步子开始放在地面之前会上下弹跳。这种摆动可能会导致与地面暂时失去联系(这种现象在这里被称为“抖动”)，使得爪子可能会移动位置。对一个简单模型的分析揭示了防止颤振所需的条件：爪子接触地面的速度不能太快，其刚度不能太大。减震可以帮助防止颤动。在动态压缩试验中，研究了各种哺乳动物爪垫的粘弹性特性，并结合理论模型进行了讨论。
Unpadded paws would suffer large impact forces when they struck the ground, but paws with elastic pads might be set into oscillation, bouncing up and down before setting on the ground at the beginning of the step. Such oscillations might involve temporary loss of contact with the ground (a phenomenon here called ''chattering''), making the paw likely to shift its position. Analysis of a simple model reveals the conditions needed to prevent chattering: the paw must not hit the ground too fast and its stiffness must not be too great. Damping can help to prevent chatter. The viscoelastic properties of paw pads from various mammals have been investigated, in dynamic compressive tests, and are discussed in the light of the theoretical model.