Neurophysiological Characterization of Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Schizophrenia Patients in a Reverse-Translated Task.
Neurophysiological Characterization of Attentional Performance Dysfunction in Schizophrenia Patients in a Reverse-Translated Task.
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反向翻译任务中精神分裂症患者注意力表现障碍的神经生理学特征。
DOI：
10.1038/npp.2016.268
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Light,GregoryA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Young,JaredW;Bismark,AndrewW;Sun,Yinming;Zhang,Wendy;McIlwain,Meghan;Grootendorst,Ibrahim;Light,GregoryA
精神分裂症（SZ）的注意力功能障碍导致了该疾病普遍存在的功能缺陷。识别注意力功能障碍转化测量的神经基础对于开发治疗方法将具有无价的价值。注意力表现通常是通过连续表现任务（CPT）来评估的，尽管许多人提出了额外的认知要求，但几乎没有跨物种测试的相关性。在此，事件相关电位（ERP）用于研究 SZ 和健康参与者的注意力和反应抑制的神经生理学相关性，同时他们进行跨物种翻译的五选择 CPT（5C-CPT）。慢性病、接受药物治疗的 SZ 患者和匹配对照（n= 25 名 SZ 和 26 名对照）在 5C-CPT 中进行了测试，并结合了 ERP 和源定位评估。响应正确识别的目标和非目标试验而生成的 ERP 显示了三个可供分析的峰值，分别对应于感觉记录 (P 1)、响应选择 (N 2) 和响应行动 (P 3)。行为反应显示，精神分裂症患者由于目标检测受损且较慢以及认知控制能力较差而表现出注意力受损。 ERP 显示 N 2 幅度降低，反映出目标和非目标试验的反应选择较差，加上 SZ 患者中非目标 P 3 减少，后者占阴性症状变异的 37%。源分析显示，在反应选择过程中，显着差异的大脑区域位于左背外侧前额叶皮层，在认知过程中位于后扣带皮层。 SZ 患者表现出注意力和认知控制受损，其特征是在反应选择和认知反应时间窗口中额叶和顶叶 ERP 分布不太稳健，使用反向翻译的 5C-CPT 提供了 SZ 注意力功能障碍的神经生理学特征。
Attentional dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ) contributes to the functional deficits ubiquitous to the disorder. Identifying the neural substrates of translational measures of attentional dysfunction would prove invaluable for developing therapeutics. Attentional performance is typically assessed via continuous performance tasks (CPTs), though many place additional cognitive demands with little cross-species test-relevance. Herein, event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to investigate the neurophysiological correlates of attention and response inhibition of SZ and healthy participants, whereas they performed the cross-species-translated five-choice CPT (5C-CPT). Chronically ill, medicated SZ patients and matched controls (n= 25 SZ and 26 controls) were tested in the 5C-CPT, in conjunction with ERP and source localization assessments. The ERPs generated in response to correctly identified target and non-target trials revealed three peaks for analysis, corresponding to sensory registration (P 1), response selection (N 2), and response action (P 3). Behavioral responses revealed that SZ patients exhibited impaired attention driven by impaired and slower target detection, and poorer cognitive control. ERPs revealed decreased N 2 amplitudes reflecting poorer response selection for both target and non-target trials, plus reduced non-target P 3 s in SZ patients, the latter accounting for 37% of variance in negative symptoms. Source analyses revealed that the brain regions of significant differences localized to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during response selection and the posterior cingulate cortex for cognitive processes. SZ patients exhibited impaired attention and cognitive control, characterized by less robust frontal and parietal ERP distributions across the response selection and cognitive response time windows, providing neurophysiological characterization of attentional dysfunction in SZ using the reverse-translated 5C-CPT.