CORRECTIVE REACTIONS TO STUMBLING IN MAN - NEURONAL COORDINATION OF BILATERAL LEG MUSCLE-ACTIVITY DURING GAIT
CORRECTIVE REACTIONS TO STUMBLING IN MAN - NEURONAL COORDINATION OF BILATERAL LEG MUSCLE-ACTIVITY DURING GAIT
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015492
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
QUINTERN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BERGER, W;DIETZ, V;QUINTERN, J
肌电图（e.m.g.）在步行期间，通过施加到跑步机的随机定时的短加速减速脉冲或由胫神经刺激诱导的单侧小腿三头肌收缩产生的肢体扰动，研究小腿肌肉的反应和相应的运动。双侧肌电图扰动之后的响应对于扰动模式是特定的，并且取决于发生扰动的步态周期的相位。跑步机减速诱发双侧胫骨前肌激活;加速诱发同侧腓肠肌和对侧胫骨前肌激活（任一条件下和两侧的潜伏期为65-75 ms，持续时间约为150 ms）。在站立阶段开始时进行胫神经刺激，随后是同侧胫骨前肌激活;在摆动阶段期间，随后是同侧胫骨前肌和对侧腓肠肌激活（潜伏期约90 ms，持续时间约100 ms）。这些模式不同于静态站立时单侧移位后的反应，后者引起双侧胫骨前肌激活。在大多数情况下，这些早期反应随后是同侧的晚期反应，但e.m.g.下一个步骤周期的模式通常不变，或仅在其开始时受到影响。心电图。通过I组传入神经的缺血性神经阻滞、通过训练效应或通过扰动开始的预警（随机或自我诱导），反应没有改变。尽管心电图不同。在步态扰动后的早期反应中，相同的基本功能机制显然在起作用：早期同侧反应实现了移位的脚和腿的重新定位，而早期对侧和晚期同侧反应提供了对身体位移的补偿。心电图。反应可以主要由来自组II和组III传入的外周信息介导，所述组II和组III传入调节作为相应运动任务基础的脊髓神经元间回路的基本运动模式。
Electromyogram (e.m.g.) responses of lower leg muscles and corresponding movements were studied following a perturbation of the limb during walking, produced by either a randomly timed, short acceleration for decelerating impulse applied to the treadmill, or a unilateral triceps surae contraction induced by tibial nerve stimulation. Bilateral e.m.g. responses following the perturbation were specific for the mode of perturbation and depended on the phase of the gait cycle in which thie perturbation occured. Treadmill deceleration evoked a bilateral tibialis anterior activation; acceleration evoked an ipsilateral gastrocnemius and contralateral tibialis anterior activation (latency in either condition and on both sides was 65-75 ms, duration about 150 ms). Tibial nerve stimulation at the beginning of a stance phase, was followed by an ipsilateral tibialis anterior activation; during the swing phase it was followed by an ipsilateral tibialis anterior and contralateral gastrocnemius activation (latency about 90 ms, duration about 100 ms). These patterns differed from the response seen after a unilateral displacement during static standing, which evoked a bilateral tibialis anterior activation. These early responses were in most cases followed by late ipsilateral responses, but the e.m.g. pattern of the next step cycle was usually unchanged, or affected only at its onset. The e.m.g. responses were unaltered by ischemic nerve blockade of group I afferents, by training effects or by pre-warning of the onset of perturbation (randomly or self-induced). Despite the different e.m.g. responses following a perturbation during gait, the same basic functional mechanism was obviously at work: the early ipsilateral response achieved a repositioning of the displaced foot and leg, while the early contralateral and late ipsilateral responses provided compensation for body displacement. The e.m.g. responses may be mediated predominantly by peripheral information from group II and group III afferents, which modulate the basic motor pattern of spinal interneuronal circuits underlying the respective motor task.