The effects of job rotation on the risk of reporting low back pain
The effects of job rotation on the risk of reporting low back pain
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DOI：
10.1080/001401303000090161
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发表时间：
2003-07-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Neumann, WP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frazer, MB;Norman, RW;Neumann, WP
工作轮换已被广泛推荐作为一种行政控制措施，以降低患上与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病的风险。然而，在文献中很难找到它的好处的证据。使用下腰痛报告(LBPR)和时间加权平均(TWA)方法评估工作轮换对报告下腰痛风险预测的影响。使用整个轮班累积的最大手力、最大L4/L5剪切力和L4/L5力矩计算的指数分数来估计工作轮换对报告下腰痛的可能性的影响。对两个工作之间实际轮换的模拟表明，在低需求工作中轮换到高需求工作的工人使用TWA方法报告的概率呈线性增加。采用LBPR方法后，由于立即接触到与要求更高的工作相关的高峰负荷参数，报告概率逐步增加。在50：50轮换的情况下，TWA和LBPR指数得分分别增加了39%和57%。在LBPR方法中，风险的重新分配与工作轮换并不一致。对于那些轮换到要求高的工作的人来说，与那些轮换离开要求高的工作的人相比，增加的幅度更大。作业轮换的影响不容易估计，因为混合作业对峰值和累积组织负荷有复杂的影响。
Job rotation has been widely recommended as an administrative control to reduce the risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence of its benefits are hard to find in the literature. The effect of job rotation on predictions for the risk of reporting low back pain was estimated using Low Back Pain Reporting (LBPR) and Time Weighted Average (TWA) approaches. Index scores calculated using the peak hand force, the peak L4/L5 shear force and the L4/L5 moment cumulated over the entire shift were used to estimate the effects of job rotation on the probability of reporting low back pain. Simulations of realistic rotations between two jobs showed that workers in low demand jobs who rotate into higher demand jobs experience a linear increase in reporting probability using the TWA approach. With the LBPR approach a step increase in reporting probability occurred because of the immediate exposure to the peak loading parameters associated with the more demanding job. With a 50-50 rotation the TWA and LBPR index scores increased by 39% and 57%, respectively. With the LBPR approach the redistribution of risk was not uniform with job rotation. The increase was greater for those who rotated into the demanding job compared to the reduction experienced by those who rotated out of the demanding job. The effects of job rotation are not easily estimated because of the complex effect that mixing jobs has on peak and cumulative tissue loading.