GENES, CHROMOSOMES, AND CANCER
GENES, CHROMOSOMES, AND CANCER
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-3476(84)80535-1
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
LITTLEFIELD, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LITTLEFIELD, JW
我们对癌症病因的思考一直在大而缓慢的循环中进行。大约在世纪之交，德国生物学家博韦里首次提出染色体异常是癌症的关键。但大约在同一时间，劳斯鸡肉瘤病毒被发现，后来又发现了兔乳头状瘤病毒。随后在 20 世纪 30 年代和 1940 年代，化学致癌物，然后在 20 世纪 50 年代和 1960 年代，肿瘤病毒再次成为最常讨论的候选物。几年前，病毒的流行度突然下降，再次被环境因素是人类常见肿瘤病因的信念所取代。然而，近几个月来，人们的注意力再次集中在某些动物肿瘤病毒以及动物和人体组织和肿瘤中所包含的癌基因（正常细胞中在肿瘤产生中发挥作用的基因）。利用分子遗传学的现代方法，包括基因克隆、转移和测序，当前的研究表明这些动物肿瘤病毒和一些人类肿瘤中的特定基因之间存在密切的相似性，甚至同一性。此外，临床医生多年来已经知道，一个人的基因会影响他或她的可能性。
OUR THINKING about the cause of cancer has gone in large, slow cycles. At about the turn of the century, the German biologist Boveri first suggested that abnormalities of the chromosomes were the key to cancer. But at about the same time, the Rous chicken sarcoma virus was discovered, and later the rabbit papilloma virus. Subsequently in the 1930s and 1940s, chemical carcinogens, and then in the 1950s and 1960s tumor viruses again, were the candidates discussed most frequently. The popularity of viruses declined abruptly a few years ago, to be replaced once more with the belief that environmental agents are the cause of common tumors in humans. However, within recent months attention has focused again on oncogenes (genes in normal cells that play a role in the production of tumors) contained in certain animal tumor viruses aiad in both animal and human tissues and tumors. With modern methods in molecular genetics, including gene cloning, transfer, and sequencing, current research suggests close similarities, or even identities, between specific genes in these animal tumor viruses and in some human tumors. In addition, clinicians have known for many years that an individual's genes contribute to the likelihood that he or