Principles, drivers, and policy tools for just climate change adaptation in legacy cities
Principles, drivers, and policy tools for just climate change adaptation in legacy cities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2020.05.007
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Hughes, Sara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hughes, Sara
气候变化适应为传统城市提供了一个机会，可以解决日益严重的社会、种族和经济不平等问题，或者参与气候变化适应。虽然人们很好地理解了公正和公平地适应气候变化的重要性，但对这种努力所依据的政策和政治却不太清楚。本文重点关注传统城市，特别是美国五大湖地区的城市，这些国家在适应气候变化方面面临的挑战和机遇特别多。密歇根州的底特律和俄亥俄州的克利夫兰被用作说明性案例研究。这两个城市是五大湖地区仅有的两个制定了正式和明确的适应计划的传统城市中的两个，并在这一进程的早期突出了正义和公平。对两个城市的规划文件进行审查，并与主要利益攸关方进行访谈，以确定气候变化适应规划中包含的正义组成部分，在适应规划中突出正义的驱动因素或动机，以及为实现这些目标而使用或开发的政策工具。调查结果显示，两个城市的利益相关者和决策者都意识到解决气候变化适应中的不平等问题的重要性，对适应计划本身的正义原则给予了一定的关注，以及为支持这项工作而出现的一套不同的政策工具。重要的是，尽管这两个城市在适应气候变化方面的雄心相对较小，但它们都面临着实施方面的挑战，而这些挑战在该区域的传统城市中可能是常见的。
Climate change adaptation presents an opportunity for legacy cities to address growing social, racial, and economic inequality, or engage in just climate change adaptation. While the importance of just and equitable climate change adaptation is well understood, the policy and politics that underlie such efforts are less well understood. This paper focuses on the development of just climate change adaptation strategies in legacy cities, particularly those in the Great Lakes region of the U.S., where the challenges and opportunities for climate change adaptation are particularly high. Detroit, Michigan and Cleveland, Ohio are used as illustrative case studies. These cities are two of the only two legacy cities of the Great Lakes region to have developed formal and explicit adaptation plans, and foregrounded justice and equity early in the process. A review of planning documents, and interviews with key stakeholders, in the two cities are used to identify the components of justice being included in climate change adaptation planning, the drivers or motivations for foregrounding justice in their adaptation planning, and the policy tools being used or developed to reach these goals. The findings reveal an awareness among stakeholders and decision makers in both cities of the importance of addressing inequality in climate change adaptation, some attention to justice principles in the adaptation plans themselves, and a diverse set of policy tools emerging to support this work. Importantly, despite relatively modest ambitions for climate change adaptation, both cities face implementation challenges that are likely to be common among legacy cities of the region.