THE EVOLUTIONARY ENIGMA OF BONEFISHES (ALBULA SPP.): CRYPTIC SPECIES AND ANCIENT SEPARATIONS IN A GLOBALLY DISTRIBUTED SHOREFISH
THE EVOLUTIONARY ENIGMA OF BONEFISHES (ALBULA SPP.): CRYPTIC SPECIES AND ANCIENT SEPARATIONS IN A GLOBALLY DISTRIBUTED SHOREFISH
复制标题
北梭鱼（ALBULA SPP.）的进化之谜：全球分布的滨海鱼类中的隐秘物种和古老分离
DOI：
10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00816.x
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
B. Bowen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Colborn;R. Crabtree;J. Shaklee;E. Pfeiler;B. Bowen
摘要许多海洋隐种的生物化学和分子生物学研究已经证实。在大多数情况下，一个广泛分布的分类单元实际上是一组可以通过生态或形态特征来区分的兄弟种。鱼的家庭Alablidae构成一个显着的例外。骨鱼（白鳍鱼属）形态和生态在地球仪上高度保守，其延长的浮游幼虫阶段可以使种群在广阔的地理范围内相互联系。基于这种感知的同质性，硬骨鱼被归类为单一的泛热带物种，A。狐狸然而，夏威夷种群的等位酶研究表明，两个同域物种（A。glossodonta和A. neoguinaica）都属于A.狐狸为了确定进化分区的数量和分布在Albula，我们调查了564 bp的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）细胞色素B从174个人收集在26个地点。序列比较揭示了8个深谱系（d = 5.56-30.6%）和可以测试的4个谱系中的3个谱系内的显著群体结构（CSTR = 0.047-0.678）。这些发现证实了上述三个物种的遗传独特性，并提出了另外五个物种的可能性。线粒体DNA的时钟估计表明，这些推定的物种出现在400万至2000万年前。不同的进化谱系共存于几个样品的位置，但表现出很少的形态或生态分化的同域。因此，硬骨鱼物种似乎藐视形态分化随着时间的推移和生态位移同域的进化惯例。尽管有多个同域分布的情况下，姐妹分类群的关系推断线粒体DNA表明，分歧在异地已在Albula的主要物种形成机制。在骨鱼（热带沙滩）占据的均匀栖息地的稳定选择，可以促进高度保守的形态和生态的保留。通讯编辑：Louis Bernatchez
Abstract Many examples of cryptic marine species have been demonstrated with biochemical and molecular studies. In most cases, a broadly distributed taxon is actually a group of sibling species that can be distinguished (upon closer examination) by ecological or morphological characters. Fishes of the family Albulidae constitute a notable exception. Bonefish (Albula spp.) morphology and ecology are highly conserved around the globe, and their extended pelagic larval stage could allow population connections on a vast geographic scale. Based on this perceived homogeneity, bonefishes were classified as a single pantropical species, A. vulpes. However, allozyme studies of Hawaiian populations indicated that two sympatric species (A. glossodonta and A. neoguinaica) are included in the synonymy of A. vulpes. To ascertain the number and distribution of evolutionary partitions in Albula, we surveyed 564 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b from 174 individuals collected at 26 locations. Sequence comparisons reveal eight deep lineages (d = 5.56–30.6%) and significant population structure within three of the four lineages that could be tested (ϕST = 0.047–0.678). These findings confirm the genetic distinctiveness of the three species noted above and invoke the possibility of five additional species. Clock estimates for mtDNA indicate that these putative species arose 4–20 million years ago. Distinct evolutionary lineages coexist in several sample locations, yet show little morphological or ecological differentiation in sympatry. Thus, bonefish species seem to defy the evolutionary conventions of morphological differentiation over time and ecological displacement in sympatry. Despite multiple cases of sympatry, sister-taxa relationships inferred from mtDNA indicate that divergence in allopatry has been the predominant speciation mechanism in Albula. Stabilizing selection in the homogeneous habitat occupied by bonefishes (tropical sand flats) could promote the retention of highly conserved morphology and ecology. Corresponding Editor: Louis Bernatchez