Brain drain or brain bank? The impact of skilled emigration on poor-country innovation
Brain drain or brain bank? The impact of skilled emigration on poor-country innovation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jue.2010.06.003
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Oettl, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Agrawal, Ajay;Kapur, Devesh;Oettl, Alexander
贫穷国家或地区的发展前景部分取决于其创新能力，而往往集中在城市中心的创新者的生产力又取决于他们获得技术知识的机会。（人才流失），但也可能帮助剩余的创新者获得在国外积累的宝贵知识我们建立了一个模型，在这个模型中，最佳创新者Diaspora的大小取决于协同定位和Diaspora效应在获取知识方面的竞争优势。创新者移民的净效应是平均损害国内知识的获取，然而，移民所赋予的知识获取在印度最重要的发明的生产中特别有价值，这是通过所收到的引用来衡量的。因此，我们的研究结果表明，最佳移民水平可能至少部分取决于与平均发明相比，被引用次数最多的发明的相对价值（C）2010 Elsevier Inc保留所有权利
The development prospects of a poor country or region depend in part on its capacity for innovation In turn the productivity of its innovators whom are often concentrated around urban centers depends on their access to technological knowledge The emigration of highly skilled individuals weakens local knowledge networks (brain drain) but may also help remaining innovators access valuable knowledge accumulated abroad (brain bank) We develop a model in which the size of the optimal innovator Diaspora depends on the competing strengths of co-location and Diaspora effects for accessing knowledge Then using patent citation data associated with inventions from India we estimate the key co-location and Diaspora parameters The net effect of Innovator emigration is to harm domestic knowledge access on average However knowledge access conferred by the Diaspora is particularly valuable in the production of India s most important inventions as measured by citations received Thus our findings imply that the optimal emigration level may depend at least partly on the relative value resulting from the most cited compared to average inventions (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved