Interspecies Gene Transfer as a Method for Understanding the Genetic Basis for Evolutionary Change: Progress, Pitfalls, and Prospects.
Interspecies Gene Transfer as a Method for Understanding the Genetic Basis for Evolutionary Change: Progress, Pitfalls, and Prospects.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2015.01135
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Tsiantis M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nikolov LA;Tsiantis M
最近高通量测序和相关应用的革命为记录物种间 DNA 序列和基因表达的变异提供了绝佳的机会。然而，要了解生命之树惊人的多样性，需要了解这种变异的表型后果，并识别那些导致多样性的罕见遗传变化。研究性状多样性遗传基础的一种方法是应用转基因方法并将感兴趣的基因从供体引入受体物种。这种种间基因转移（IGT）的前提是，如果某个基因导致两个物种的形态差异，则转移将赋予受体与供体的特性。这种方法的扩展进一步允许识别形态多样化的新基因座，并研究顺式和反式对形态进化的贡献。在这里，我们回顾了植物和动物系统中最近使用 IGT 来深入了解进化变化的遗传基础的例子。我们概述了 IGT 的实践、其方法论的优点和缺点，并考虑其应用指南，强调系统发育距离、性状极性和生活史的重要性。我们还讨论了在新兴实验系统中扩展基因组资源和基因组编辑进展的背景下利用 IGT 的未来前景。
The recent revolution in high throughput sequencing and associated applications provides excellent opportunities to catalog variation in DNA sequences and gene expression between species. However, understanding the astonishing diversity of the Tree of Life requires understanding the phenotypic consequences of such variation and identification of those rare genetic changes that are causal to diversity. One way to study the genetic basis for trait diversity is to apply a transgenic approach and introduce genes of interest from a donor into a recipient species. Such interspecies gene transfer (IGT) is based on the premise that if a gene is causal to the morphological divergence of the two species, the transfer will endow the recipient with properties of the donor. Extensions of this approach further allow identifying novel loci for the diversification of form and investigating cis- and trans-contributions to morphological evolution. Here we review recent examples from both plant and animal systems that have employed IGT to provide insight into the genetic basis of evolutionary change. We outline the practice of IGT, its methodological strengths and weaknesses, and consider guidelines for its application, emphasizing the importance of phylogenetic distance, character polarity, and life history. We also discuss future perspectives for exploiting IGT in the context of expanding genomic resources in emerging experimental systems and advances in genome editing.