Alterations in the mouse cecum and its flora produced by antibacterial drugs.
Alterations in the mouse cecum and its flora produced by antibacterial drugs.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.128.1.97
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发表时间：
1968-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dubos R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Savage DC;Dubos R
在成年小鼠的饮用水中加入青霉素、土霉素或卡那霉素，可迅速引起盲肠增大。在所有动物中，这发生在开始给药后12小时内-青霉素的效果最明显。只要使用抗菌药物，盲肠就会继续增大，而且通常会继续增大。盲肠湿重的增加主要是由于在给药的最初24-48小时内腔内积水所致。当时，在任何情况下都没有检测到组织学变化，但不同药物的细菌学图景不同。注射青霉素的动物盲肠无细菌，注射土霉素的动物盲肠内有梭形细菌和类杆菌，注射卡那霉素的动物盲肠内有乳杆菌和类杆菌。在最初的48小时后，所有接受治疗的动物体内都出现了丰富而复杂的次生微生物区系，其组成是每种类型抗菌药物的特征。停药2周后，盲肠重量和微生物数量在停药后14天内均未恢复到正常水平。通过给小鼠喂食被正常动物制备的盲肠匀浆污染的食物，这一恢复期可以缩短到10天。当给予青霉素的时间只有24小时时，盲肠重量和微生物区系达到正常水平需要7或8天的时间；给动物喂受污染的食物不能缩短这一时间。药物对盲肠大小和细菌含量的影响已经根据早期关于在无菌小鼠身上发现的巨大盲肠的特征的发现进行了讨论。综上所述，这些观察结果支持这样的假设，即肠道微生物区系的某些成分--尚未完全确定--在维持肠道上皮细胞水分运输机制的完整性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
Addition of penicillin, Terramycin, or kanamycin to the drinking water of adult mice rapidly induced in them an enlargement of the cecum. In all animals, this occurred within 12 hr after the beginning of drug administration—the effect being most pronounced with penicillin. The cecums remained enlarged and generally continued to increase in size as long as the antibacterial drugs were administered. The increase in wet weight of the cecums was due primarily to an accumulation of water in the lumens during the first 24–48 hr of drug administration. At that time, there were no detectable histological changes in any case, but the bacteriological picture differed from drug to drug. The cecums were free of bacteria in animals receiving penicillin, fusiform-shaped bacteria and bacteroides were present in those receiving Terramycin, and lactobacilli and bacteroides in those receiving kanamycin. After the initial 48 hr, an abundant and complex secondary microflora developed in all treated animals, its composition being characteristic for each type of antibacterial drug. When penicillin was administered for 2 wk, the cecal weights and microbial populations did not return to normal levels for over 14 days after discontinuance of the drug. This recovery period could be shortened to 10 days by giving the mice food contaminated with cecal homogenates prepared from normal animals. A period of 7 or 8 days was required for the cecal weights and microflora to reach normal levels when the administration of penicillin lasted only 24 hr; this period could not be shortened by giving the animals contaminated food. The effects of drugs on the size and bacterial contents of the cecum have been discussed in the light of earlier findings concerning the characteristics of the huge cecums uniformly found in germfree mice. Taken together, these observations support the hypothesis that certain elements of the intestinal microflora—not yet completely identified—play an essential role in maintaining the integrity of the water-transport mechanism in the intestinal epithelium.