Functional significance of isoform diversification in the protocadherin gamma gene cluster.

Functional significance of isoform diversification in the protocadherin gamma gene cluster.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.039
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发表时间:
2012-08-09
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Maniatis T
Maniatis T
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen WV;Alvarez FJ;Lefebvre JL;Friedman B;Nwakeze C;Geiman E;Smith C;Thu CA;Tapia JC;Tasic B;Sanes JR;Maniatis T

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哺乳动物原钙粘蛋白(Pcdh)α,β和γ基因簇编码一个大家族的钙粘蛋白样跨膜蛋白,在个别神经元中差异表达。Pcdhg基因簇的22种同种型多样化为A-、B-和C-型,并且C-型同种型在序列和表达上不同于所有其它簇的Pcdhs。在这里,我们表明,小鼠缺乏3个C型亚型的Pcdhg无效突变体是表型上无法区分的,显示几乎相同的细胞和突触的神经元凋亡造成的变化。相比之下,缺乏3A型同种型的小鼠表现出不可检测的表型。然而,值得注意的是,基因阻断细胞凋亡挽救了C型同种型敲除的新生儿致死率,但不是Pcdhg无效突变体。我们的结论是,Pcdhg基因簇在神经元存活的作用主要是,如果不是专门介导的C型亚型,而一个单独的作用,出生后的发展,可能在神经元布线,需要亚型的多样性。
The mammalian Protocadherin (Pcdh) alpha, beta, and gamma gene clusters encode a large family of cadherin-like transmembrane proteins that are differentially expressed in individual neurons. The 22 isoforms of the Pcdhg gene cluster are diversified into A-, B- and C-types, and the C-type isoforms differ from all other clustered Pcdhs in sequence and expression. Here we show that mice lacking the 3 C-type isoforms are phenotypically indistinguishable from the Pcdhg null mutants, displaying virtually identical cellular and synaptic alterations resulting from neuronal apoptosis. By contrast, mice lacking 3 A-type isoforms exhibit no detectable phenotypes. Remarkably, however, genetically blocking apoptosis rescues the neonatal lethality of the C-type isoform knockouts, but not that of the Pcdhg null mutants. We conclude that the role of the Pcdhg gene cluster in neuronal survival is primarily, if not specifically mediated by its C-type isoforms, whereas a separate role essential for postnatal development, likely in neuronal wiring, requires isoform diversity.
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