Neuronal and glial localization of NMDA receptors in the cerebral cortex
Neuronal and glial localization of NMDA receptors in the cerebral cortex
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02740618
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发表时间：
1997-02-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Melone, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti, F;Minelli, A;Melone, M
N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 型谷氨酸受体在许多基本皮质功能中的关键作用已得到牢固确立，它与多种神经精神疾病有关，但直到最近，人们对 NMDA 受体在哺乳动物大脑皮层中的解剖定位知之甚少。最近，分子生物学技术在 NMDA 受体研究中的应用使得特定工具的生产成为可能，这些工具的使用大大增加了我们对 NMDA 受体在大脑皮层中定位的理解。特别是，关于皮质NMDA受体分布的免疫细胞化学研究有： 1．证明了NMDA受体优先定位于树突棘，与之前的工作一致；2．公开了兴奋性和抑制性轴突末端突触前 NMDA 受体迄今为止未知的部分；和3。表明皮质星形胶质细胞表达 NMDA 受体。这些研究表明，皮质 NMDA 受体激活的影响并不像之前假设的那样完全是由神经元突触后膜上 NMDA 通道的开放引起的，突触前和神经胶质 NMDA 受体的激活可以显着促进这些影响。
The crucial role of glutamate receptors of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type in many fundamental cortical functions has been firmly established, as has its involvement in several neuropsychiatric diseases, but until recently, very Little was known of the anatomical localization of NMDA receptors in the cerebral cortex of mammals. The recent application of molecular biological techniques to the study of NMDA receptors has allowed the production of specific tools, the use of which has much increased our understanding of the localization of NMDA receptors in the cerebral cortex. In particular, immunocytochemical studies on the distribution of cortical NMDA receptors have:1. Demonstrated the preferential localization of NMDA receptors in dendritic spines, in line with previous work;2. Disclosed a thus far unknown fraction of presynaptic NMDA receptors on both excitatory and inhibitory axon terminals; and3. Shown that cortical astrocytes express NMDA receptors.These studies indicate that the effects of cortical NMDA receptor activation are not caused exclusively by the opening of NMDA channels on neuronal postsynaptic membranes, as previously assumed, and that the activation of presynaptic and glial NMDA receptors can contribute significantly to these effects.