Verbal interference suppresses exact numerical representation
Verbal interference suppresses exact numerical representation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogpsych.2011.10.004
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Gibson, Edward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frank, Michael C.;Fedorenko, Evelina;Gibson, Edward
数字语言是语言与认知之间关系的一个重要案例研究，因为非语言数字认知的机制已被充分理解。当皮拉哈人（亚马逊狩猎采集部落，没有确切的数字词）在非语言数字任务中进行测试时，他们能够执行一对一的匹配任务，但在更困难的任务中会出错。他们的错误模式表明他们正在使用模拟震级估计，这是一种在进化和发展上保守的估计数量的机制。在这里，我们表明，当由于言语干扰而无法使用言语数字表示时，英语参与者依赖相同的机制。后续实验表明，言语干扰的影响主要体现在数量信息的编码过程中，并使用一种新的程序来匹配个体参与者的干扰任务的难度，该影响仅限于言语干扰。这些结果与数字词在线用于编码、存储和操作数字信息的假设是一致的。这种语言策略是对非语言表达的补充，而不是改变或取代。 (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Language for number is an important case study of the relationship between language and cognition because the mechanisms of non-verbal numerical cognition are well-understood. When the Piraha (an Amazonian hunter-gatherer tribe who have no exact number words) are tested in non-verbal numerical tasks, they are able to perform one-to-one matching tasks but make errors in more difficult tasks. Their pattern of errors suggests that they are using analog magnitude estimation, an evolutionarily- and developmentally-conserved mechanism for estimating quantities. Here we show that English-speaking participants rely on the same mechanisms when verbal number representations are unavailable due to verbal interference. Followup experiments demonstrate that the effects of verbal interference are primarily manifest during encoding of quantity information, and using a new procedure for matching difficulty of interference tasks for individual participants that the effects are restricted to verbal interference. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that number words are used online to encode, store, and manipulate numerical information. This linguistic strategy complements, rather than altering or replacing, non-verbal representations. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.