Thermohaline loops, Stommel box models, and the Sandström theorem
Thermohaline loops, Stommel box models, and the Sandström theorem
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温盐环、Stommel 盒模型和 Sandström 定理
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
C. Wunsch
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作者：
C. Wunsch
Stommel的两箱两流型箱模型在运动学和动力学上等同于一维流体环中的流动，尽管其中一个具有尴尬和极端的混合系数。更一般地说，当以相同的位势加热和冷却时，这种循环提供了Sandström定理工作的一个简单例子，流动强度能够随着扩散的增加而增加或减少。应力支配着真实的海洋流动，它被引入到纯热驱动的环流中会产生振荡、多态和低扩散率下的不稳定性。当在Boussinesq近似中进一步引入盐度强迫和混合边界条件时，会出现一个复杂的响应模式，该模式依赖于至少五个非量纲参数，包括盐度强迫开始的时间。在一维环路中产生如此丰富的动力学行为阵列的能力，具体取决于问题参数，这表明，在没有任何与一维到三维流体流动有关的一般结果的情况下，将GCM与一维环路Stommel模型的时间相关行为的识别应被视为主要是推测。
The Stommel two-box, two flow-regime box model is kinematically and dynamically equivalent to the flow in a onedimensional fluid loop, although one having awkward and extreme mixing coefficients. More generally, such a loop, when heated and cooled at the same geopotential, provides a simple example of the working of the Sandström theorem, with flow intensity capable of increasing or decreasing with growing diffusion. Stress dominates real oceanic flows, and its introduction into the purely thermally driven loop generates oscillations, multiple states, and instabilities at low diffusivity. When, within the Boussinesq approximation, salinity forcing and mixed boundary conditions are further introduced, an intricate pattern of response appears, dependent upon at least five non-dimensional parameters, including the time of onset of salinity forcing. The ability, in a one-dimensional loop, to produce such a rich array of dynamical behaviors, dependent in detail upon the problem parameters, suggests that in the absence of any general results relating one-to three-dimensional fluid flows, identification of the time-dependent behavior of a GCM with that of the onedimensional loop Stommel models should be regarded as still primarily speculation.