Integrative deign of a poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol)-alginate hydrogel to control three dimensional biomineralization
Integrative deign of a poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol)-alginate hydrogel to control three dimensional biomineralization
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.12.038
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14
通讯作者：
Kong, Hyunjoon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cha, Chaenyung;Kim, Eun-Seok;Kong, Hyunjoon
矿化聚合物基质已被广泛研究，以了解生物矿化过程，并进一步调节参与成骨和生理动态平衡的各种细胞的表型功能。人们经常提出，包括电荷密度、疏水性和孔径在内的几个基质变量在调节三维(3D)基质中形成的矿物的组成和形态方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，由于缺乏能够独立控制矩阵变量的工具，这些方面还没有得到系统的研究。这项研究提出了一种先进的综合策略，通过使用可独立控制电荷密度、疏水性和孔隙率的水凝胶来控制具有基质属性的生物矿物的形态和组成。该水凝胶由聚乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGmM)、聚丙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯(PPGmM)和甲基丙烯酸海藻酸酯(MA)组成，可通过MA和PPGmM的质量分数分别控制其电荷密度和疏水性。此外，将仅存在纳米孔的水凝胶(称为纳米孔水凝胶)进行冷冻干燥和再水化，以制备包含微孔的水凝胶(称为微孔水凝胶)。我们发现，随着微孔水凝胶中MA和PPGmM质量分数的增加，微孔水凝胶的电荷密度、疏水性和孔径增大，有利于磷灰石层的生长。相反，增加纳米孔水凝胶中MA和PPGmM的质量分数会促进碳酸钙矿物的形成。矿化对水凝胶变量的依赖性与矿物离子过饱和度的变化有关。总体而言，这项研究的结果将有助于更好地了解基质变量在生物矿化中的相互作用，并设计一系列可能用于细胞治疗和组织工程的矿化基质。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
A mineralized polymeric matrix has been extensively studied to understand biomineralization processes and to further regulate phenotypic functions of various cells involved in osteogenesis and physiological homeostasis. It has been often proposed that several matrix variables including charge density, hydrophobicity, and pore size play vital roles in modulating composition and morphology of minerals formed within a three dimensional (3D) matrix. However, the aspects have not yet been systematically examined because a tool enabling the independent control of the matrix variables is lacking. This study presents an advanced integrative strategy to control morphology and composition of biominerals with matrix properties, by using a hydrogel formulated to independently control charge density, hydrophobicity, and porosity. The hydrogel consists of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethacrylate (PEGmM), poly(propylene glycol) monomethacrylate (PPGmM), and methacrylic alginate (MA), so the charge density and hydrophobicity of the hydrogel can be separately controlled with mass fractions of MA and PPGmM. Also, hydrogels which present only nano-sized pores, termed nanoporous hydrogels, are lyophilized and rehydrated to prepare the hydrogels containing micro-sized pores, termed microporous hydrogels. We find that increasing the mass fractions of MA and PPGmM of the microporous hydrogel promotes the growth of apatite layers because of the increases in the charge density, hydrophobicity and pore size. In contrast, increasing mass fractions of MA and PPGmM of the nanoporous hydrogel enhances the formation of calcium carbonate minerals. The dependency of the mineralization on hydrogel variables is related to the change in supersaturation of mineral ions. Overall, the results of this study will be highly useful to better understand the interplay of matrix variables in biomineralization and to design a wide array of mineralized matrix potentially used in cell therapies and tissue engineering. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.