Effects of methylphenidate on spatial working memory and planning in healthy young adults
Effects of methylphenidate on spatial working memory and planning in healthy young adults
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DOI：
10.1007/s002130050284
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Robbins, TW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elliott, R;Sahakian, BJ;Robbins, TW
之前关于精神运动刺激剂哌醋甲酯影响的研究主要集中在警觉和反应时间任务上。在这项研究中，使用Canab电池的任务和已被证明对额叶功能障碍敏感的相关测试，研究了哌醋甲酯对更复杂的认知方面的影响。28名年轻的健康男性参与了一项平衡、双盲、安慰剂对照的哌醋甲酯疗效研究。认知评估包括空间工作记忆、计划、语言流畅性、注意力定势转移和持续注意力的测试。哌醋甲酯对空间工作记忆和计划测验的成绩有显着影响，但对注意力和流利性测验的成绩没有显著影响。当在第一次测试阶段服用该药物时，与安慰剂相比，该药物在空间测试中的表现有所提高。然而，当第二次服用药物时，表现的准确性受到损害，而反应潜伏期减少。这些结果与一个假设是一致的，即哌醋甲酯以两种相互冲突的方式影响表现；增强新任务的空间功能的执行方面，但损害先前建立的表现。这种效应模式是在双重、相互作用的唤醒机制的框架内讨论的。
Previous studies of the effects of the psychomotor stimulant, methylphenidate, have concentrated on vigilance and reaction time tasks. In this study, the effects of methylphenidate on more complex aspects of cognition were studied using tasks from the CANTAB battery and related tests which have been shown to be sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. Twenty-eight young healthy men participated in a counterbalanced, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of methylphenidate. Cognitive assessment included tests of spatial working memory, planning, verbal fluency, attentional set-shifting and sustained attention. Methylphenidate had significant effects on performance of the tests of spatial working memory and planning but not on the attentional and fluency tests. When the drug was taken on the first test session, performance on the spatial tests was enhanced by the drug compared to placebo. However, when the drug was taken second, performance accuracy was impaired whereas response latencies were decreased. These results are consistent with a hypothesis that methylphenidate influences performance in two conflicting ways; enhancing executive aspects of spatial function on novel tasks but impairing previously established performance. This pattern of effects is discussed within the framework of dual, interacting arousal mechanisms.