Water governance benchmarking: concepts and approach framework as applied to Middle East and North Africa countries
Water governance benchmarking: concepts and approach framework as applied to Middle East and North Africa countries
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水治理基准：适用于中东和北非国家的概念和方法框架
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Wolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. D. Stefano;M. Svendsen;M. Giordano;B. Steel;Bridget Brown;A. Wolf
正如人们恰当指出的那样，世界水危机是一场治理危机。然而，如何解决治理危机呢？水治理包括一系列复杂的、相互嵌套和相互关联的关于水的决定。它本质上是政治性的，最终是国家、地区和地方政府的责任，与自己的公民合作，并相互合作，以取得改善。在这方面，几乎每个国家都迫切需要评估目前的水治理结构和做法是否合适，是否正在取得预期成果，如果不合适，则评估其不足之处。如果定期对几个国家进行这种评估，就有可能比较各国之间和一个国家在一段时间内的水治理状况和绩效。本文提出了一种方法，建立一个基准系统的水治理从官方政策和法律的文件的内容分析和一个分层的利益相关者意见小组。这一方法既评估了水治理所涉及的职能，也评估了决策过程。中东和北非地区的六个国家（埃及、约旦、摩洛哥、阿曼、土耳其和也门）构成了一个案例研究，以说明这种办法如何运作。
The world water crisis is a crisis of governance, as has been aptly stated. Yet how does one solve a crisis of governance? Water governance comprises complex nested and interlocked sets of decisions about water. It is inherently political, and is ultimately the responsibility of national, regional and local governments, working with their own citizens and with each other, to make improvements. In this context, there is a critical need in nearly every country to assess whether current water governance structures and practices are suitable and are delivering the desired results and, if not, where they fall short. When such assessments are made regularly and for several countries, it is possible to compare water governance status and performance both among countries and in a single country over time. This paper presents an approach to establishing a system of benchmarking water governance from content analysis of official policy and legal documents and a stratified set of stakeholder opinion panels. The approach assesses both the functions involved in water governance and the processes employed in making decisions. Six countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region (Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Oman, Turkey and Yemen) comprise a case study to show how this approach works.