BAU UND FUNKTION DER TRICHOBOTHRIEN VON EUSCORPIUS CARPATHICUS L
BAU UND FUNKTION DER TRICHOBOTHRIEN VON EUSCORPIUS CARPATHICUS L
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00298033
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发表时间：
1967-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HOFFMANN, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HOFFMANN, C
蝎子的毛是一种感觉毛，从角质层的凹坑状凹陷处长出来，在弱气流中很容易偏转。它们只位于须肢上，数量相当多。喀尔巴多斯的2根须肢每根长65-69根（通常为67根），最大直径为8[亩]米，长0.55-1.05毫米。在属于同一物种的所有个体中，毛刷毛的数量和排列几乎是不变的。虽然它们在肢表面的分布因物种而异，但它们不能与身体接触，因此不能对它们施加本体感觉刺激。在该物种的所有个体中，每根毛发在须肢上具有恒定的拓扑位置。此外，每根毛发都有自己的固定运动平面，相对于蝎子的身体轴线。在其形态静止位置或当偏转程度保持不变时，毛菌体没有表现出传导激发的迹象。当毛发围绕静止位置摆动时，神经冲动仅在大约1/4的圆周内产生，当毛发偏离静止位置，朝向毛状菌的一侧，而毛状菌则指向感觉细胞的树突。即使在沿最佳平面的最佳方向上，在所有偏转角度下，三角菌的兴奋性也不尽相同。兴奋性在弧的中间范围（从3-T开始）是最高的，在弧的最初和最后两到三度时，兴奋性急剧下降。适度的空气传播的声音不会刺激滴虫；然而，它们对缓慢的气流非常敏感。它们可能特别适合精确指示这种气流的方向。讨论了机械感受器的定向敏感性原理，以及用脉冲频率和脉冲/刺激的绝对数量来指示不同刺激参数的可能性。在比较感觉生理学领域的其他相关问题也被处理。
The trichobothria of scorpions are sensory hairs which emerge from pit-like depressions in the cuticle and are readily deflectible in weak air currents. They are located exclusively on the pedipalps and are quite numerous. Each of the 2 pedipalps of E. carpathicus bears 65-69 (67 as a rule) of these hairs, which have a maximum diameter of 8 [mu]m and are 0.55-1.05 mm long. The number and arrangement of the trichobothria are nearly constant in all individuals belonging to the same species. Though their distribution over the surface of the pedipalps varies from species to species, they cannot be brought into contact with the body and consequently no proprioceptive stimulus can be exerted on them. In all individuals of the species each of the hairs has a constant topological position on the pedipalp. Moreover, each hair thus identified has its own constant plane of movement with respect to the scorpion''s body axes. In its morphological resting position or when the degree of deflection is held constant, the trichobothrium shows no sign of conducted excitation. When the hair is oscillated around its resting position, nerve impulses are produced during approximately 1/4 of the circle only, when the hair is deflected out of its resting position towards that side of the trichobothrium which is directed towards the dendrite of the sensory cell. The excitability of the trichobothrium is not the same for all angles of deflection even in the optimal direction along the optimal plane. Excitability is highest at mid-range (from 3-T) of the arc separating the resting position from the point where the hair strikes the trichobothrium wall, and drops off sharply during the first and last two or three degrees of arc. Moderate air-borne sounds do not excite the trichobothria; they are however highly sensitive to slow air currents. They may be especially well fitted for accurate indication of the direction of such air currents. The principles of directional sensitivity in mechanoreceptors are discussed along with the possibilities of indicating different stimuli parameters by means of impulse frequency and the absolute numtier of impluses/stimulus. Other related questions in the field of comparative sensory physiology are also treated.