Effects of tidal influence on the structure and function of prokaryotic communities in the sediments of a pristine Brazilian mangrove
Effects of tidal influence on the structure and function of prokaryotic communities in the sediments of a pristine Brazilian mangrove
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DOI：
10.5194/bg-18-2259-2021
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发表时间：
2021-04-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Chinalia, Fabio Alexandre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Santana, Carolina Oliveira;Spealman, Pieter;Chinalia, Fabio Alexandre
红树林是一种生态系统，占世界海岸线的很大一部分，跨越水线以下、水线之间和水线以上的潮汐带，整个生态系统由这些潮汐微生境的健康状况决定。然而，我们才刚刚开始了解潮汐带微生物生物多样性和这些微生物群在营养循环中的作用。虽然广泛的研究已经描述了原始红树林与受影响红树林中微生物组的特征，但这些研究在很大程度上忽视了潮汐微生境（亚沿海，潮间带和滨海）的差异。不幸的是，少数研究，试图描述红树林潮汐带发生在受影响的生物群落，使解释的结果很困难。在这里，我们的特点原核生物种群和他们参与的营养循环在巴西的环境保护区的大西洋森林的原始红树林的整个潮汐带。我们假设原始红树林的潮汐带是不同的微生境，我们将其定义为不同的区域，这些区域在水资源状况和其他环境因素方面存在空间变化，因此，这些区域由具有不同功能的不同原核生物群落组成。从潮汐水线以下、之间和以上的区域一式三份收集样品。使用16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因扩增子测序，我们发现了不同的原核生物群落具有显着不同的营养循环功能，以及特定的类群与不同的贡献，功能丰度之间的区域。在以前的研究中，从生物影响的红树林发现潮间带有很高的原核生物多样性和功能丰富的氮循环，我们发现，从原始红树林的潮间带具有最低的多样性和没有功能富集，相对于其他潮间带。所有样品中的主要细菌门是厚壁菌门、变形菌门和绿杆菌门，而主要古菌门是泉古菌门和Thaumarchaeota。我们的研究结果略有不同，从其他研究中变形菌是主要的门在红树林沉积物和厚壁菌只占一小部分的社区。盐度和有机质是影响这些群落最相关的环境因子。芽孢杆菌科是最丰富的家庭在每个潮汐带，并显示出潜在的驱动大比例的碳，氮，磷和硫的循环。我们的研究结果表明，红树林潮汐地带性的某些方面可能会受到人类活动的影响，特别是在潮间带。
Mangrove forests are ecosystems that constitute a large portion of the world's coastline and span tidal zones below, between, and above the waterline, and the ecosystem as a whole is defined by the health of these tidal microhabitats. However, we are only beginning to understand tidal-zone microbial biodiversity and the role of these microbiomes in nutrient cycling. While extensive research has characterized microbiomes in pristine vs. anthropogenically impacted mangroves, these have, largely, overlooked differences in tidal microhabitats (sublittoral, intertidal, and supralittoral). Unfortunately, the small number of studies that have sought to characterize mangrove tidal zones have occurred in impacted biomes, making interpretation of the results difficult. Here, we characterized prokaryotic populations and their involvement in nutrient cycling across the tidal zones of a pristine mangrove within a Brazilian Environmental Protection Area of the Atlantic Forest. We hypothesized that the tidal zones in pristine mangroves are distinct microhabitats, which we defined as distinct regions that present spatial variations in the water regime and other environmental factors, and as such, these are composed of different prokaryotic communities with distinct functional profiles. Samples were collected in triplicate from zones below, between, and above the tidal waterline. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing, we found distinct prokaryotic communities with significantly diverse nutrient-cycling functions, as well as specific taxa with varying contributions to functional abundances between zones. Where previous research from anthropogenically impacted mangroves found the intertidal zone to have high prokaryotic diversity and be functionally enriched in nitrogen cycling, we find that the intertidal zone from pristine mangroves has the lowest diversity and no functional enrichment, relative to the other tidal zones. The main bacterial phyla in all samples were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi while the main archaeal phyla were Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota. Our results differ slightly from other studies where Proteobacteria is the main phyla in mangrove sediments and Firmicutes makes up only a small percentage of the communities. Salinity and organic matter were the most relevant environmental factors influencing these communities. Bacillaceae was the most abundant family at each tidal zone and showed potential to drive a large proportion of the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Our findings suggest that some aspects of mangrove tidal zonation may be compromised by human activity, especially in the intertidal zone.