Leveraging Patient-Derived Models for Immunotherapy Research.
Leveraging Patient-Derived Models for Immunotherapy Research.
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DOI：
10.1200/edbk_280579
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发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Politi K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Politi K
随着癌症免疫疗法成为治疗许多不同癌症类型的主流以及新药数量的不断增加，对实验模型的需求也在不断增加。近年来引起人们强烈兴趣的开发和研究免疫肿瘤学模型的方法是使用患者衍生模型。源自患者的模型可以概括相应人类肿瘤的许多特征和异质性。历史上，这些模型曾被用来研究肿瘤的癌细胞内在特性以及直接靶向肿瘤细胞的药物。近年来，人们越来越认识到免疫细胞在癌症中的作用以及它们如何代表良好的治疗靶点，这导致人们努力优化和使用源自患者的模型进行癌症免疫治疗研究。源自患者的模型现在被用来研究癌细胞调节其对免疫刺激做出反应的能力的特性。目前正在进一步努力使用和开发源自患者的模型，在体外和体内结合人类免疫细胞（人源化小鼠），以便可以在癌症免疫疗法的背景下研究癌细胞与免疫细胞的相互作用。随着这些模型的进一步完善，利用源自患者的模型进行癌症免疫治疗研究可以深入了解癌症免疫治疗的敏感性和耐药性机制，发现新的靶点，揭示特定药物的工作原理并用于评估治疗方案的抗肿瘤功效。
As cancer immunotherapies become mainstream for the treatment of many different cancer types and the numbers of new agents continue to increase, the need for experimental models is also rising. An approach to develop and study models for immune-oncology that has garnered intense interest in recent years is that of using patient-derived models. Patient-derived models can recapitulate many of the features and heterogeneity of the corresponding human tumors. Historically these models have been used to study cancer-cell intrinsic properties of tumors and drugs that target tumor cells directly. In recent years, increasing recognition of the role immune cells play in cancer and how these represent good therapeutic targets has led to efforts to optimize and use patient-derived models for cancer immunotherapy studies. Patient-derived models are now being used to study the properties of cancer cells that modulate their ability to respond to immune stimulation. Further efforts are underway to use and develop patient-derived models that incorporate human immune cells in vitro and in vivo (humanized mice) so that cancer cell-immune cell interactions can be studied in the context of cancer immunotherapies. As these models are further refined, leveraging patient-derived models for cancer immunotherapy research can provide insight into mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to cancer immunotherapies, uncover new targets, reveal how specific agents work and be used to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of therapeutic regimens.