Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with altered n-back activation and performance in healthy adults: implications for a commonly used working memory task.
Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with altered n-back activation and performance in healthy adults: implications for a commonly used working memory task.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11682-015-9373-9
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Carpenter LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philip NS;Sweet LH;Tyrka AR;Carpenter SL;Albright SE;Price LH;Carpenter LL
先前的研究表明，早期生活压力（ELS）的历史会影响成年后的工作记忆（WM）。尽管脑电刺激模式被广泛使用，但很少有研究评估在没有精神疾病的情况下，脑电刺激是否也会影响脑电刺激相关的大脑活动，从而提高对这些脑电刺激效应的敏感性，或者为这些效应的机制提供见解。本研究通过获取27名无药健康成人（14名有ELS）在N-back WM任务中包括0- back和2-back组件的3T功能图像来评估ELS是否影响WM行为表现和任务相关活动。进行全脑体素分析来评估WM激活，然后进行感兴趣区域分析来评估激活与临床变量之间的关系。ELS与2-back期间较差的准确性相关（79%±19 vs. 92%±9,p=0.049）；准确率和反应时间在两组之间没有差异。在0-back期间，ELS参与者表现出颞上回/岛、左顶叶下小叶（IPL）（修正p<0.001）和颞中回和海马旁回（MTG/PHG）（修正p<0.010）的激活增加。在2-back期间，ELS与IPL、MTG/PHG和额下回的更大激活相关（校正p<0.001），并有楔前叶激活的趋势（p=0.080）。这些发现支持了先前的研究，即ELS与神经行为表现受损和大脑激活变化有关，表明ELS在WM期间募集了额外的认知资源。基于这些发现，在未来的WM成像研究中进行ELS筛查是有必要的。
Previous research suggests that a history of early life stress (ELS) impacts working memory (WM) in adulthood. Despite the widespread use of WM paradigms, few studies have evaluated whether ELS exposure, in the absence of psychiatric illness, also impacts WM-associated brain activity in ways that might improve sensitivity to these ELS effects or provide insights into the mechanisms of these effects. This study evaluated whether ELS affects WM behavioral performance and task-associated activity by acquiring 3T functional images from 27 medication-free healthy adults (14 with ELS) during an N-back WM task that included 0- and 2-back components. Whole brain voxel-wise analysis was performed to evaluate WM activation, followed by region of interest analyses to evaluate relationships between activation and clinical variables. ELS was associated with poorer accuracy during the 2-back (79 %±19 vs. 92 %±9, p=0.049); accuracy and response time otherwise did not differ between groups. During the 0-back, ELS participants demonstrated increased activation in the superior temporal gyrus/insula, left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) (both corrected p<0.001), and middle temporal and parahippocampal gyrus (MTG/PHG)(corrected p<0.010). During the 2-back, ELS was associated with greater activation in the IPL, MTG/PHG and inferior frontal gyrus (corrected p<0.001), with a trend towards precuneus activation (p=0.080). These findings support previous research showing that ELS is associated with impaired neurobehavioral performance and changes in brain activation, suggesting recruitment of additional cognitive resources during WM in ELS. Based on these findings, ELS screening in future WM imaging studies appears warranted.