BREATHLESSNESS DURING EXERCISE WITH AND WITHOUT RESISTIVE LOADING
BREATHLESSNESS DURING EXERCISE WITH AND WITHOUT RESISTIVE LOADING
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1986.61.3.896
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发表时间：
1986-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
JONES, NL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ELMANSHAWI, A;KILLIAN, KJ;JONES, NL
本研究的目的是量化与运动和呼吸阻力负荷相关的呼吸困难的强度，具体目的是分离吸气压力、吸气肌肉缩短的长度、速度和频率以及占空比对呼吸困难的定量贡献。吸气压力的强度通过测量估计的食道压力(PES=口腔压力加肺压力)、由潮气量(VT)缩短的程度和由吸气流速(.ovrhdot.VI)缩短的速度来量化。6名正常受试者接受了5次递增(100 KPM.cntdo.Min-1.cntdo.分钟-1)在自行车测功机上进行最大容量的运动测试。卸载第一次和最后一次测试，并使用33、57和73 cm H2O·cntdot的外部附加电阻进行干预测试。L-1.中国网点。S随机排列。选择阻力是为了提供一系列的压力、潮气量、流速和呼吸模式。在休息和运动中每分钟结束时，受试者估计呼吸困难的强度。PSI。通过选择0到10之间的数字(博格评分，0表示没有明显的气喘感，10表示最大可耐受的感觉)。呼吸困难与PES(P<；0.0001)、VI值(P<；0.0001)、呼吸频率(Fb)和占空比[吸气持续时间与总呼吸持续时间之比](P<；0.0001)显著独立相关。=0.11PES+0.61.ovrhdot.VI+1.99TI/TT+0.04FB-2.60(r=0.83)。结果表明，峰压(张力)、吸气肌缩短速度(VI)、TI/TT和Fb独立或共同作用于呼吸困难。呼吸肌肉用力的感觉非常适合于减轻这种感觉。所谓的神经生理学机制是有意识地意识到通过中枢神经系统内的必然放电而发出的运动指令的强度。
The purpose of this study was to quantify the intensity of breathlessness associated with exercise and respiratory resistive loading, with the specific purpose of isolating the quantitative contributions of inspiratory pressure, length, velocity, and frequency of inspiratory muscle shortening and duty cycle to breathlessness. The intensity of inspiratory pressure was quantified by measurement of estimated esophageal pressure (Pes = pressure at the mouth plus lung pressure), the extent of shortening by tidal volume (VT), and the velocity of shortening by inspiratory flow rate (.ovrhdot.VI). Six normal subjects underwent five incremental (100 kpm .cntdot. min-1 .cntdot. min-1) exercise tests on a cycle ergometer to maximum capacity. The first and last test were unloaded and the intervening tests were performed with external added resistances of 33, 57, and 73 cm H2O .cntdot. l-1 .cntdot. s in random order. The resistances were selected to provide a range of pressures, tidal volumes, flow rates, and patterns of breathing. At rest and at the end of each minute during exercise the subjects estimated the intensity of breathlessness .psi. by selecting a number ranging from 0 to 10 (Borg rating scale, 0 indicating no appreciable breathlessness and 10 the maximum tolerable sensation). Breathlessness was significantly and independently related to Pes (P < 0.0001), .ovrhdot.VI (P < 0.0001), frequency of breathing (fb) (P < 0.01) and duty cycle [ratio of inspiratory duration to total breath duration (TI/TT)] (P < 0.01); .psi. = 0.11 Pes + 0.61 .ovrhdot.VI + 1.99 TI/TT + 0.04 fb -2.60 (r = 0.83). The results suggest that peak pressure (tension), .ovrhdot.VI (velocity of inspiratory muscle shortening), TI/TT, and fb contribute independently and collectively to breathlessness. The perception of respiratory muscle effort is ideally suited to subserve this sensation. The neurophysiological mechanism purported is a conscious awareness of the intensity of the outgoing motor command by means of corollary discharge within the central nervous system.