Jupiter ’ s radiation belts as a target for NASA ’ s
Jupiter ’ s radiation belts as a target for NASA ’ s
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木星辐射带作为美国宇航局的目标
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sulaiman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kollmann;Turner;Roussos;Nénon;Clark;Cohen;Sulaiman
木星的辐射带是美国宇航局太阳物理部的目标。L. Turner 1，E. Alkosos2，Q. Nénon3，G.克拉克岛Cohen1，W. Li4，A. Sulaiman 5 1 JHU/APL，月桂医学博士，美国; 2 MPS，哥廷根，德国; 3 SSL，伯克利加州，美国; 4 Uni Boston，CO，美国; 5 Uni爱荷华州，IA，美国其2013年太阳和空间物理学十年战略的关键科学目标之一是“发现日光层和整个宇宙中发生的基本过程并确定其特征”，方法是利用“太阳、日光层、地球磁层和电离层作为研究宇宙等离子体现象的宇宙实验室”。在这里，我们认为，行星磁层，特别是木星的辐射带，也是这样的宇宙实验室，使空间物理学的研究，是广泛的相关性天体物理学，并应被视为有效的目标，值得从美国宇航局的太阳物理司集中调查。木星的磁层涵盖了2013年十年中所有的宇宙过程：木星有一个内部发电机产生磁场（摩尔+19自然）。木星系统的质量主要由其卫星（Bagenal+11 JGR）释放，这可以被描述为行星风。磁重联发生在磁层顶（Ebert+17 GRL）和磁尾（沃格特+11 JGR）。一个无碰撞的激波将它与太阳风分离（Hospodarsky+17 GRL）。湍流在粒子加速中起作用（Saur+18 JGR）。等离子体-中性相互作用不仅限于热层，而且由于从卫星释放的物质（Kollmann+16 GRL），通过磁层的大部分发生。从几个方面来看，木星的磁层是太阳系中最有效的粒子加速器。 太阳和空间物理学战略的另一个关键科学目标是“确定地球磁层的动力学和耦合”，“优先”是“理解带电粒子加速，散射和损失”。
Jupiter’s radiation belts as a target for NASA’s Heliophysics Division P. Kollmann1, D. L. Turner1, E. Roussos2, Q. Nénon3, G. Clark1, I. Cohen1, W. Li4, A. Sulaiman5 1 JHU/APL, Laurel MD, USA; 2 MPS, Göttingen, Germany; 3 SSL, Berkeley CA, USA; 4 Uni Boston, CO, USA; 5 Uni Iowa, IA, USA Fundamental processes NASA’s Heliophysics division covers not strictly the heliosphere but also a large range of space physics topics. One of the key science goals of its 2013 Decadal Strategy for Solar and Space Physics is to “Discover and characterize fundamental processes that occur both within the heliosphere and throughout the universe” by using “the Sun, the heliosphere, and Earth’s magnetosphere and ionosphere [to] serve as cosmic laboratories for studying universal plasma phenomena”. Here we argue that planetary magnetospheres, particularly Jupiter’s radiation belts, are also such cosmic laboratories that enable studies of space physics, are of broad relevance to astrophysics, and should as such be treated as valid targets that deserve focused investigations from NASA’s Heliophysics Division. Jupiter’s magnetosphere covers all universal processes called out in the 2013 Decadal: Jupiter has an internal dynamo producing its magnetic field (Moore+19 Nat.). The Jupiter system sheds mass that is mostly released by its moons (Bagenal+11 JGR), which can be described as a planetary wind. Magnetic reconnection occurs on both the magnetopause (Ebert+17 GRL) and the magnetotail (Vogt+11 JGR). A collisionless shock separates it from the solar wind (Hospodarsky+17 GRL). Turbulence plays a role in particle acceleration (Saur+18 JGR). Plasma‐ neutral interactions are not just limited to the thermosphere but occur through large parts of the magnetosphere thanks to the material liberated from moons (Kollmann+16 GRL). By several metrics, Jupiter’s magnetosphere is the most efficient particle accelerator in the Solar System. Earth’s magnetosphere Another key science goal of the Strategy for Solar and Space Physics is to “Determine the dynamics and coupling of Earth’s magnetosphere” with a “priority” to “understanding charged‐ particle acceleration, scattering, and loss”.