Economic achievement of immigrants in Japan: Examining the role of country-of-origin and host-country-specific human capital in an inflexible labor market
Economic achievement of immigrants in Japan: Examining the role of country-of-origin and host-country-specific human capital in an inflexible labor market
复制标题
日本移民的经济成就：考察原籍国和东道国特定人力资本在不灵活的劳动力市场中的作用
DOI：
10.1111/ijjs.12149
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kikuko & Tate Kihara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagayoshi;Kikuko & Tate Kihara
移民的经济融合是日本一个突出的社会问题。虽然美国的移民文献强调了东道国特有的人力资本比原籍国的人力资本对移民的重要性，但日本以往的研究表明，这两种人力资本对移民的经济融合的影响结果不一。这可能是因为以往的研究只关注特定的移民群体（国籍、城市、签证）、人力资本变量和日本劳动力市场的经济成就维度。日本劳动力市场结构和移民政策的分割性，使移民的“经济成就”因“经济成就”的维度不同而产生不同的路径。通过对日本移民进行具有全国代表性的社会调查，我们研究了两种类型的人力资本（即，劳动力市场成功的三个指标：就业状况和企业规模、职业地位和收入。研究结果表明，高等教育和语言能力等东道国特有的人力资本对日本经济成就的三个指标都很重要，而高等教育和职业技能等母国特有的人力资本在一定程度上可以转移。我们的研究结果表明，人力资本在移民经济成功中的重要性不仅取决于劳动力市场的结构，还取决于移民政策。
The economic integration of immigrants is a salient social issue in Japan. Although the US immigration literature has stressed the importance of host‐country‐specific human capital over country‐of‐origin human capital for immigrants, previous studies in Japan have shown mixed results about the effects of these two types of human capital on the economic integration of immigrants. The mixed results might be because previous studies focused on only specific immigrant groups (with regard to nationalities, cities, and visa status), human capital variables, and dimensions of economic achievements in the Japanese labor market. The segmented nature of the Japanese labor market structure and immigration policies create different pathways to “economic achievements” of immigrants depending on the dimension of “economic achievements” studied. By conducting a nationally representative social survey of Japanese immigrants, we examined the association between the two types of human capital (i.e., country‐of‐origin and host‐country‐specific) and the three indicators of labor market success: employment status and firm size, occupational status, and income. Our results indicate that host‐country‐specific human capital in the form of higher education and language proficiency is important for all three indicators of economic achievement in Japan, while country‐of‐origin human capital in the form of higher education and vocational skills is transferable to some extent. Our results suggest that the significance of human capital in immigrants' economic success is determined not only by the structure of the labor market but also by immigration policies.