Lipid Mediators in Inflammation
Lipid Mediators in Inflammation
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.mchd-0035-2016
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gilroy, Derek W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett, Melanie;Gilroy, Derek W.
脂质是一种有效的信号分子，通过受体介导的途径调节多种细胞反应，包括细胞生长和死亡以及炎症/感染。来源于多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），如花生四烯酸（AA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），每种脂质都表现出独特的性质，从而使它们在炎症中的作用与来源于相同PUFA的其他脂质不同。这种多样性源于它们的合成，这是通过离散的酶途径发生的，因为它们通过不同的受体引起反应。本文将整理迄今为止的生物活性脂质研究，并总结其生物合成的主要途径及其在炎症中的作用。具体地说，脂质来源于AA（前列腺素，白三烯，5-氧-6,8,11,14-二十碳四烯酸，脂毒素和环氧二十碳三烯酸），EPA （e系列分解蛋白）和DHA （d系列分解蛋白，保护蛋白和蛋白）将在这里讨论。
Lipids are potent signaling molecules that regulate a multitude of cellular responses, including cell growth and death and inflammation/infection, via receptor-mediated pathways. Derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), each lipid displays unique properties, thus making their role in inflammation distinct from that of other lipids derived from the same PUFA. This diversity arises from their synthesis, which occurs via discrete enzymatic pathways and because they elicit responses via different receptors. This review will collate the bioactive lipid research to date and summarize the major pathways involved in their biosynthesis and role in inflammation. Specifically, lipids derived from AA (prostanoids, leukotrienes, 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, lipoxins, and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids), EPA (E-series resolvins), and DHA (D-series resolvins, protectins, and maresins) will be discussed herein.