YOUNG CHILDRENS VULNERABILITY TO SELF-BLAME AND HELPLESSNESS - RELATIONSHIP TO BELIEFS ABOUT GOODNESS
YOUNG CHILDRENS VULNERABILITY TO SELF-BLAME AND HELPLESSNESS - RELATIONSHIP TO BELIEFS ABOUT GOODNESS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1992.tb01636.x
复制
发表时间：
1992-04-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
CAIN, KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HEYMAN, GD;DWECK, CS;CAIN, KM
与智力概念相关的动机性无助在年龄较大的儿童中已有充分记录。 虽然一些研究人员报告说，刚开始上学的孩子在动机上是无懈可击的，但另一些研究人员发现，当这些孩子遇到失败时，他们会感到无助。 本研究旨在确定是否可以在批评的新背景下识别与无助相关的反应，以及任何此类反应是否与孩子的善良观念有关。 受试者是 107 名 5 岁和 6 岁的儿童，他们表演了成绩情景，其中提出了老师的批评。 39% 的自我评估因批评而受到损害的儿童表现出无助的情感、任务选择和非建设性的问题解决策略。 他们也更有可能在受到批评后做出全面的负面自我判断，包括对自己善良的负面判断。 最后，这些孩子更有可能支持稳定的、全球性的善良信念。
Motivational helplessness, linked to conceptions of intelligence, has been well documented in older children. While some researchers have reported that children just starting school are motivationally invulnerable, others have found evidence of helplessness when these children encounter failure. The present study seeks to determine whether the reactions associated with helplessness can be identified in a new context, that of criticism, and whether any such responses are related to the child's conceptions of goodness. Subjects were 107 5- and 6-year-old children who enacted achievement situations in which teacher criticism was presented. The 39% of children whose own assessments were undermined by criticism exhibited the affect, task choices, and nonconstructive problem-solving strategies characteristic of helplessness. They were also more likely to make global negative self-judgments following criticism, including negative judgments of their goodness. Finally, these children were more likely to endorse stable and global beliefs about goodness.