The Behavioral Intervention Technology Model: An Integrated Conceptual and Technological Framework for eHealth and mHealth Interventions
The Behavioral Intervention Technology Model: An Integrated Conceptual and Technological Framework for eHealth and mHealth Interventions
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DOI：
10.2196/jmir.3376
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Rashidi, Parisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohr, David C.;Schueller, Stephen M.;Rashidi, Parisa
越来越多的研究人员对缺乏模型来指导行为干预技术（BIT）的设计发表了评论。双边投资条约包括移动卫生和电子卫生干预措施的一个子集，采用了广泛的技术，如移动的电话、网络和传感器，以支持用户改变与健康、心理健康和健康有关的行为和认知。我们提出了一个模型，从概念上定义双边投资条约，从临床目标的技术交付框架。双边投资条约模型定义了双边投资条约的概念和技术结构。从概念上讲，双边投资条约模型应该回答为什么、什么、如何（概念和技术）以及何时的问题。虽然双边投资条约通常有一个较大的治疗目标，但这种目标通常包括较小的干预目标（“为什么”），如促进或减少特定行为，以及行为改变战略（概念上的“如何”），如教育、目标设定和监测。行为改变策略是用具体的干预成分或“元素”（“什么”）来实例化的。干预元素的特性可以被进一步定义或修改（技术“如何”）以满足用户的需求、能力和偏好。最后，许多双边投资条约要求具体说明工作流程，以确定何时交付干预组件。BIT模型包括一个技术框架（BIT-Tech），可以集成和实施干预元素、特征和工作流程，以便随着时间的推移向用户提供整个BIT。该实现可以是预定义的或者包括能够基于来自用户和用户环境的数据来定制干预的自适应系统。BIT模型提供了一个步骤，使开发人员的目标正式转化为干预组件，更大的治疗和交付方法，支持研究人员之间就如何设计，开发和部署BIT进行研究和沟通。
A growing number of investigators have commented on the lack of models to inform the design of behavioral intervention technologies (BITs). BITs, which include a subset of mHealth and eHealth interventions, employ a broad range of technologies, such as mobile phones, the Web, and sensors, to support users in changing behaviors and cognitions related to health, mental health, and wellness. We propose a model that conceptually defines BITs, from the clinical aim to the technological delivery framework. The BIT model defines both the conceptual and technological architecture of a BIT. Conceptually, a BIT model should answer the questions why, what, how (conceptual and technical), and when. While BITs generally have a larger treatment goal, such goals generally consist of smaller intervention aims (the "why") such as promotion or reduction of specific behaviors, and behavior change strategies (the conceptual "how"), such as education, goal setting, and monitoring. Behavior change strategies are instantiated with specific intervention components or "elements" (the "what"). The characteristics of intervention elements may be further defined or modified (the technical "how") to meet the needs, capabilities, and preferences of a user. Finally, many BITs require specification of a workflow that defines when an intervention component will be delivered. The BIT model includes a technological framework (BIT-Tech) that can integrate and implement the intervention elements, characteristics, and workflow to deliver the entire BIT to users over time. This implementation may be either predefined or include adaptive systems that can tailor the intervention based on data from the user and the user's environment. The BIT model provides a step towards formalizing the translation of developer aims into intervention components, larger treatments, and methods of delivery in a manner that supports research and communication between investigators on how to design, develop, and deploy BITs.