The neural organization of discourse -: An H215O-PET study of narrative production in English and American sign language
The neural organization of discourse -: An H215O-PET study of narrative production in English and American sign language
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/124.10.2028
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Varga, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braun, AR;Guillemin, A;Varga, M
为了确定在话语产生中起重要作用的大脑区域，在以英语和美国手语为母语的听力受试者自发生成英语和美国手语自传体叙事的过程中，进行了(H2O)-O-15-PET扫描。我们比较了在表达方式上差异最大但具有相同核心语言属性的语言，以区分语篇产生的不同阶段：语言之间的差异应该反映出语音编码和发音的后期依赖于情态的阶段；一致性更有可能揭示概念化和词汇获取的早期情态无关阶段的解剖结构。在一系列广泛的区域中发现了共同的激活；在手势产生过程中，传统上与言语有关的左半球语言区域也被强烈激活，但共同的神经结构超出了经典语言区域，包括左右两个半球的纹状体外区域。此外，即使在没有外感刺激的情况下，后颞叶周围区和基底区似乎在自发的自我生成和语言产生中发挥着不可或缺的作用。结果还表明，前部和后部在语言产生的早期和后期可能起着不同的作用，并提出了一种新的语篇生成过程中脑活动的偏侧化模式：从词汇通达的早期阶段到关节运动编码的后期阶段，可能构成了从双侧激活到左侧激活的过程。这种模式并不是标准的韦尼克-格施温德模型所预测的，当语言在生态有效的语境中产生时，这种模式可能会变得明显。
In order to identify brain regions that play an essential role in the production of discourse, (H2O)-O-15-PET scans were acquired during spontaneous generation of autobiographical narratives in English and in American Sign Language in hearing subjects who were native users of both. We compared languages that differ maximally in their mode of expression yet share the same core linguistic properties in order to differentiate the stages of discourse production: differences between the languages should reflect later, modality-dependent stages of phonological encoding and articulation; congruencies are more likely to reveal the anatomy of earlier modality-independent stages of conceptualization and lexical access. Common activations were detected in a widespread array of regions; left hemisphere language areas classically related to speech were also robustly activated during sign production, but the common neural architecture extended beyond the classical language areas and included extrasylvian regions in both right and left hemispheres. Furthermore, posterior perisylvian and basal temporal regions appear to play an integral role in spontaneous self-generated formulation and production of language, even in the absence of exteroceptive stimuli. Results additionally indicate that anterior and posterior areas may play distinct roles in early and late stages of language production, and suggest a novel model for lateralization of cerebral activity during the generation of discourse: progression from the early stages of lexical access to later stages of articulatory-motor encoding may constitute a progression from bilateral to left-lateralized activation. This pattern is not predicted by the standard Wernicke-Geschwind model, and may become apparent when language is produced in an ecologically valid context.