Birth in Free-ranging Macaca fuscata
Birth in Free-ranging Macaca fuscata
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DOI：
10.1007/s10764-009-9376-8
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Shimizu, Keiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Turner, Sarah E.;Fedigan, Linda M.;Shimizu, Keiko
出生过程是哺乳动物繁殖成功的一个组成部分，但非人类灵长类动物分娩的详细定量描述仍然很少见。观察自由放养的分娩可以帮助阐明参与这一关键事件的因素，有助于我们了解分娩期间母婴行为如何影响婴儿存活，并解释人类出生的演变。我们提供了4个多产日本猕猴的分娩行为的数据：2日间活产，我们拍摄和视频记录在淡路岛猴中心（AMC），淡路岛，日本在2006年;白天活产视频记录在1993年的AMC;和一个夜间臀死胎圈养的猕猴，视频记录在京都灵长类动物研究所在2006年。某些行为是相似的女性，如触摸外阴，然后舔手指，蹲在收缩期间，和平均收缩持续时间。产妇通过引导新生儿手动分娩。在分娩和分娩阶段的持续时间、婴儿出生时的状况以及母亲产后立即的行为方面也存在差异。母亲的产后行为范围从几乎完全以婴儿为中心到主要与胎盘的消耗有关。这3只自由放养的雌性在分娩和分娩过程中都表现出相当的社会容忍度。我们认为，分娩时的社会接近在非人灵长类动物中比以前强调的更常见，并具有潜在的适应优势。
The birth process is an integral part of reproductive success in mammals, yet detailed, quantitative descriptions of parturition in nonhuman primates are still rare. Observations of free-ranging births can help to elucidate factors involved in this critical event, to contribute to our understanding of how maternal and infant behaviors during parturition affect infant survival and to explain the evolution of human birth. We provide data on the parturition behavior of 4 multiparous Japanese macaques: 2 daytime live births that we photographed and video recorded at the Awajishima Monkey Center (AMC), Awaji Island, Japan in 2006; a daytime live birth video recorded in 1993 at the AMC; and a nocturnal breech stillbirth of a captive Macaca fuscata, video recorded at the Kyoto Primate Research Institute in 2006. Certain behaviors were similar among the females, such as touching of the vulva followed by licking of fingers, squatting during contractions, and average contraction durations. Parturient females facilitated the birth manually by guiding the emerging infant. There were also dissimilarities in the duration of the labor and birth stages, condition of the infant at birth, and the mother's behavior immediately postpartum. The mother's postpartum behavior ranged from almost entirely infant-focused to predominantly related to the consumption of the placenta. The 3 free-ranging females all showed considerable social tolerance during labor and birth. We argue that social proximity at parturition is more common in nonhuman primates than previously emphasized, and has potential adaptive advantages.