Appetite regulatory hormone responses to various dietary proteins differ by body mass index status despite similar reductions in ad libitum energy intake
Appetite regulatory hormone responses to various dietary proteins differ by body mass index status despite similar reductions in ad libitum energy intake
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.2006-0609
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Clifton, Peter M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bowen, Jane;Noakes, Manny;Clifton, Peter M.
背景：虽然膳食蛋白质相对于碳水化合物能产生更高的急性饱腹感，但蛋白质来源和体重指数 (BMI) 的影响尚未明确描述。目的：该研究的目的是评估正常和高 BMI 男性对不同蛋白质来源的餐后反应（与葡萄糖相比）。设计：这是一项随机、交叉研究，涉及四种预负荷，然后进行血液采样（+15， 30、45、60、90、120、180 分钟）和自助餐。地点：该研究在门诊进行。参与者：研究人群包括 72 名男性，BMI 范围为 20.6-39.9 kg/m(2)。干预措施：干预措施包括液体预负荷（1.1 MJ，450ml），其中含有 50 g 乳清、大豆、麸质或 主要指标：空腹和餐后血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素、生长素释放肽、胰高血糖素样肽-1 (GLP-1) 和胆囊收缩素 (n = 38)、随意能量摄入和食欲评级。 结果：与葡萄糖治疗相比，所有蛋白质预负荷后能量摄入降低 10%（P < 0.05）， 与 BMI 状态和蛋白质类型无关。所有蛋白质负荷均延长了餐后生长素释放肽 (P < 0.01) 的抑制以及 GLP-1 (P < 0.01) 和胆囊收缩素 (P < 0.05) 的升高。空腹 GLP-1 浓度[超重，17.5 +/- 1.3；瘦肉，14.7 +/- 0.1 pg/ml（分别为 5.2 +/- 0.4 和 4.4 +/- 0.1 pmol/升）；超重受试者的 P < 0.001] 和餐后反应 (P = 0.038) 较高。结论：相对于葡萄糖，乳清、大豆和麸质同样倾向于减少瘦男性和超重男性 3 小时后的随意食物摄入量。餐后生长素释放肽、GLP-1、胰岛素和胆囊收缩素可能有助于提高蛋白质摄入后的饱腹感。超重受试者的 GLP-1 浓度增加，这可能会影响该组的饱腹感反应。
Context: Although dietary protein produces higher acute satiety relative to carbohydrate, the influence of protein source and body mass index (BMI) has not been clearly described.Objective: The objective of the study was to assess postprandial responses to different protein sources, compared with glucose, in males with normal and high BMI.Design: This was a randomized, crossover study of four preloads followed by blood sampling (+15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180 min) and buffet meal.Setting: The study was conducted at an outpatient clinic.Participants: The study population included 72 men, with a BMI range 20.6-39.9 kg/m(2).Interventions: Interventions consisted of liquid preloads (1.1 MJ, 450ml) containing 50 g whey, soy, gluten, or glucose.Main Outcome Measures: Fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (n = 38), ad libitum energy intake, and appetite ratings were measured.Results: Energy intake was 10% lower after all protein preloads, compared with the glucose treatment (P < 0.05), independent of BMI status and protein type. All protein loads prolonged the postprandial suppression of ghrelin (P < 0.01) and elevation of GLP-1 (P < 0.01) and cholecystokinin (P < 0.05). Fasting GLP-1 concentrations [overweight, 17.5 +/- 1.3; lean, 14.7 +/- 0.1 pg/ml (5.2 +/- 0.4 and 4.4 +/- 0.1 pmol/liter, respectively); P < 0.001] and postprandial responses (P = 0.038) were higher in overweight subjects.Conclusions: Whey, soy, and gluten similarly tend to reduce ad libitum food intake 3 h later in lean and overweight males relative to glucose. Postprandial ghrelin, GLP-1, insulin, and cholecystokinin may contribute to this higher satiety after protein consumption. GLP-1 concentrations are increased in overweight subjects, which may affect satiety responses in this group.