EVALUATION OF “CALCULATING” HELPERS BASED ON THIRD-PARTY OBSERVATION IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
EVALUATION OF “CALCULATING” HELPERS BASED ON THIRD-PARTY OBSERVATION IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
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DOI：
10.2117/psysoc.2019-a008
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Reiki Kishimoto;S. Itakura;K. Fujita;K. Hashiya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reiki Kishimoto;S. Itakura;K. Fujita;K. Hashiya
在互惠的背景下，只有当合作提高了一个人的声誉时，才采取合作行动，这是一种以最小成本带来声誉好处的策略；然而，如果社会其他成员注意到个人使用这种策略，任何积累的积极声誉可能会被否定。本研究通过考察学龄前儿童和成年人如何评价有或没有声誉管理的代理人来探讨这种社会判断的发展。我们向仅限公共的帮助者(仅当他们被看到时才合作)和仅限私人的帮助者(仅在他们未被看到时合作)或无条件的非帮助者(无论被看到而从不合作)进行展示。结果显示，与无条件的非帮佣相比，较少的儿童更喜欢只有公共帮佣的私人帮佣。成年人避免使用仅限公共服务的帮手，而不考虑比较的代理人。我们的研究结果表明，尽管学龄前儿童对声誉管理的评价不如成人显著，但他们不太喜欢为获得个人声誉利益而提供帮助的人。
In the context of reciprocity, behaving cooperatively only when it enhances one’s reputation is a strategy that brings reputational benefits at minimal cost; however, if other members of society notice an individual employing such a strategy, any accumulated positive reputation may be negated. The present study addresses the development of this social judgement by examining how preschoolers and adults evaluate agents with or without reputational management. We presented Public-only Helpers (cooperative only when they were seen) with Private-only Helpers (cooperative only when they were not seen) or Unconditional Non-Helpers (never cooperative regardless of being seen). Results showed that children less preferred Public-only Helpers presented with Private-only Helpers than with Unconditional Non-Helpers. Adults avoided Public-only Helpers irrespective of compared agents. Our findings indicate that although preschoolers’ evaluations of reputational management are not as salient as those of adults, they less prefer people who provide help to gain personal reputational benefits.